{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T07:49:38Z","timestamp":1762069778132,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesothelial cells (MCs) play a classic role in maintaining homeostasis in pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities. MCs work as lubricants to reduce friction between organs, as regulators of fluid transport, and as regulators of defense mechanisms in inflammation. MCs can differentiate into various cells, exhibiting epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. MCs have a high potential for differentiation during the embryonic period when tissue development is active, and this potential decreases through adulthood. The expression of the Wilms\u2019 tumor suppressor gene (Wt1), one of the MC markers, decreased uniformly and significantly from the embryonic period to adulthood, suggesting that it plays a major role in the differentiation potential of MCs. Wt1 deletion from the embryonic period results in embryonic lethality in mice, and even Wt1 knockout in adulthood leads to death with rapid organ atrophy. These findings suggest that MCs expressing Wt1 have high differentiation potential and contribute to the formation and maintenance of various tissues from the embryonic period to adulthood. Because of these properties, MCs dynamically transform their characteristics in the tumor microenvironment as cancer-associated MCs. This review focuses on the relationship between the differentiation potential of MCs and Wt1, including recent reports using lineage tracing using the Cre-loxP system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T23:39:31Z","timestamp":1665272371000},"page":"11960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Regulation of Mesothelial Cell Fate during Development and Human Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3291-0274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kanayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Mogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Koya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Yamakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5811-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0493-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kajiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5554-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2016.11.004","article-title":"The histophysiology and pathophysiology of the peritoneum","volume":"49","author":"Nieuwland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410000307","article-title":"Localization of the Wilm\u2019s tumour protein WT1 in avian embryos","volume":"303","author":"Carmona","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.03.012","article-title":"Promotion of cholangiocarcinoma growth by diverse cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations","volume":"39","author":"Affo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-19-0644","article-title":"Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Stromal Evolution into LRRC15(+) Myofibroblasts as a Determinant of Patient Response to Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Dominguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G262","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00257.2015","article-title":"Role of TGF-beta signaling in differentiation of mesothelial cells to vitamin A-poor hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis","volume":"310","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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