{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:32:18Z","timestamp":1768887138708,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project DICYT","award":["022091BP_MED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022091BP_MED"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A crucial etiological component in fetal programming is early nutrition. Indeed, early undernutrition may cause a chronic increase in blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and heart failure. In this regard, current evidence has sustained several pathological mechanisms involving changes in central and peripheral targets. In the present review, we summarize the neuroendocrine and neuroplastic modifications that underlie maladaptive mechanisms related to chronic hypertension programming after early undernutrition. First, we analyzed the role of glucocorticoids on the mechanism of long-term programming of hypertension. Secondly, we discussed the pathological plastic changes at the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that contribute to the development of chronic hypertension in animal models of prenatal undernutrition, dissecting the neural network that reciprocally communicates this nucleus with the locus coeruleus. Finally, we propose an integrated and updated view of the main neuroendocrine and central circuital alterations that support the occurrence of chronic increases of blood pressure in prenatally undernourished animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T23:39:31Z","timestamp":1665272371000},"page":"11965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of the Paraventricular-Coerulear Network on the Programming of Hypertension by Prenatal Undernutrition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3563-6677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardita","family":"Cayupe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Troncoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Enfermer\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofarmacolog\u00eda y Comportamiento, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1491-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricio","family":"S\u00e1ez-Briones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofarmacolog\u00eda y Comportamiento, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1239-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Sotomayor-Z\u00e1rate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neuroqu\u00edmica y Neurofarmacolog\u00eda, Centro de Neurobiolog\u00eda y Fisiopatolog\u00eda Integrativa, Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2360102, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2504-0119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Constandil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Morselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Santiago 7510157, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2898-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Barra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2005478","article-title":"Developmental programming of health and disease","volume":"65","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. 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