{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:29:00Z","timestamp":1787318940573,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Applied Basic Research Project in Sichuan Province","award":["2018JY0183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JY0183"]}]},{"name":"Applied Basic Research Project in Sichuan Province","award":["(2017)115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2017)115"]}]},{"name":"Applied Basic Research Project in Sichuan Province","award":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"]}]},{"name":"international cooperation funds for giant pandas","award":["2018JY0183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JY0183"]}]},{"name":"international cooperation funds for giant pandas","award":["(2017)115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2017)115"]}]},{"name":"international cooperation funds for giant pandas","award":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park","award":["2018JY0183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JY0183"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park","award":["(2017)115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2017)115"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park","award":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLSFGAGO2020.023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microsporum gypseum causes dermatomycoses in giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). This study aimed to investigate the immune response of M. gypseum following deep infection. The degree of damage to the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys was evaluated using tissue fungal load, organ index, and histopathological methods. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detected the mRNA expression of receptors and cytokines in the lung, and immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry, were used to assess immune cells in the lung. The results indicated that conidia mainly colonized the lungs and caused serious injury with M. gypseum infection. Furthermore, dectin-1, TLR-2, and TLR-4 played a role in recognizing M. gypseum cells. Numerous inflammatory cells, mainly macrophages, dendritic cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and inflammatory cytokines (TGF-\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-23), were activated in the early stages of infection. With the high expression of IL-22, IL-17A, and IL-17F, the Th17 pathway exerted an adaptive immune response to M. gypseum infection. These results can potentially aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by M. gypseum in giant pandas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231912037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T21:07:11Z","timestamp":1665436031000},"page":"12037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Microsporum gypseum Isolated from Ailuropoda melanoleuca Provokes Inflammation and Triggers Th17 Adaptive Immunity Response"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-8441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaozhang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, 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University, Chengdu 611130, China"},{"name":"China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Chengdu 611800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjie","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, 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