{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T14:49:55Z","timestamp":1773240595228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health &amp; Human Development of the National Institutes of Health","award":["1R01HD102545-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HD102545-01A1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The most prevalent malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, affects the growth plates of long bones in adolescents and young adults. Standard chemotherapeutic methods showed poor response rates in patients with recurrent and metastatic phases. Therefore, it is critical to develop novel and efficient targeted therapies to address relapse cases. In this regard, RNA interference technologies are encouraging options in cancer treatment, in which small interfering RNAs regulate the gene expression following RNA interference pathways. The determination of target tissue is as important as the selection of tissue-specific promoters. Moreover, small interfering RNAs should be delivered effectively into the cytoplasm. Lentiviral vectors could encapsulate and deliver the desired gene into the cell and integrate it into the genome, providing long-term regulation of targeted genes. Silencing overexpressed genes promote the tumor cells to lose invasiveness, prevents their proliferation, and triggers their apoptosis. The uniqueness of cancer cells among patients requires novel therapeutic methods that treat patients based on their unique mutations. Several studies showed the effectiveness of different approaches such as microRNA, drug- or chemotherapy-related methods in treating the disease; however, identifying various targets was challenging to understanding disease progression. In this regard, the patient-specific abnormal gene might be targeted using genomics and molecular advancements such as RNA interference approaches. Here, we review potential therapeutic targets for the RNA interference approach, which is applicable as a therapeutic option for osteosarcoma patients, and we point out how the small interfering RNA method becomes a promising approach for the unmet challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232012583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T22:49:46Z","timestamp":1666306186000},"page":"12583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Regulation of Molecular Targets in Osteosarcoma Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0379-8076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Betul","family":"Celik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA"},{"name":"Nemours\/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8248-8246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kader","family":"Cicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA"},{"name":"Nemours\/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5956-1986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s Felipe","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours\/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0673-2160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shunji","family":"Tomatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours\/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.02.003","article-title":"Cells of Origin in Osteosarcoma: Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Osteoblast Committed Cells?","volume":"62","author":"Mutsaers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0284-9_1","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Osteosarcoma","volume":"152","author":"Ottaviani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"8479","article-title":"Osteosarcoma Cells Induce Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cancer Associated Fibroblasts through Notch and Akt Signaling Pathways","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. 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