{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:48:51Z","timestamp":1788518931840,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases after rheumatoid arthritis, with a preference for middle age, and is characterised by exocrine glandular involvement leading to xerostomia and xerophthalmia. It can have systemic implications with vascular, neurological, renal, and pulmonary involvement, and in some cases, it may evolve to non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. For a long time, B- and T-lymphocytes have been the focus of research and have been considered key players in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome pathogenesis and evolution. With the development of new technologies, including omics, more insights have been found on the different signalling pathways that lead to inflammation and activation of the immune system. New evidence indicates that a third actor linking innate and adaptive immunity plays a leading role in the Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome play: the monocyte. This review summarises the recent insights from transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenetic studies that help us to understand more about the Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome pathophysiology and redefine the involvement of monocytes in this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T04:40:36Z","timestamp":1666586436000},"page":"12765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Defining the Role of Monocytes in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8437-1623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Miguel","family":"Sequ\u00ed-Sabater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Reina Sof\u00eda University Hospital, Men\u00e9ndez Pidal Ave., 14005 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"},{"name":"Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of C\u00f3rdoba (IMIBIC), University of C\u00f3rdoba, Men\u00e9ndez Pidal Ave., 14005 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6529-6258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Beretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Francesco Sforza St. 35, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S206","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/88dyrn","article-title":"Searching for the \u201cX Factor\u201d in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Female Predilection","volume":"39","author":"Chatzis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. 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