{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T07:24:01Z","timestamp":1777188241547,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory disease that belongs to the spondyloarthritis family. IL-5 and IL-9 belong to the group of Th2 cytokines of anti-inflammatory nature. Polymorphisms in their coding genes have been so far associated with various inflammatory diseases, but there are no reports regarding their involvement in AS pathogenesis to date. The purpose of the study was to investigate relationships between IL5 and IL9 genetic variants with AS susceptibility, clinical parameters as well as response to therapy with TNF inhibitors. In total 170 patients receiving anti-TNF therapy and 218 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The genotyping of IL5 rs2069812 (A &gt; G) and IL9 rs2069885 (G &gt; A) single nucleotide polymorphisms was performed using the Real-Time PCR method based on LightSNiP kits assays. The present study demonstrated significant relationships between IL5 rs2069812 and IL9 rs2069885 polymorphisms and response to anti-TNF therapy. Presence of the IL5 rs2069812 A allele in patients positively correlated with better response to treatment (p = 0.022). With regard to IL9 rs2069885, patients carrying the A allele displayed better outcomes in anti-TNF therapy (p = 0.046). In addition, IL5 rs2069812 A and IL9 rs2069885 A alleles were associated with lower CRP and VAS values. The obtained results may indicate a significant role for IL-5 and IL-9 in the course of AS and response to anti-TNF therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T07:26:50Z","timestamp":1667114810000},"page":"13177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Th2 Cytokines (Interleukin-5 and -9) Polymorphism Affects the Response to Anti-TNF Treatment in Polish Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1222-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Bia\u0142y","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Iwaszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerzy","family":"\u015awierkot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Bugaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kolossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, 85-268 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Jeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, 85-268 Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bogunia-Kubik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00089","article-title":"HLA-B27 Negativity Is Associated With Renal Function Decline in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis and Secondary IgA Nephropathy","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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