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Active targeting implies minimized off-targeting and associated cytotoxicity towards healthy tissue. One way to acquire active targeting is to employ conjugates of therapeutic agents with ligands known to bind receptors overexpressed onto cancer cells. The integrin receptor family has been studied as a target for cancer treatment for almost fifty years. However, systematic knowledge on their effects on cancer cells, is yet lacking, especially when utilized as an active targeting ligand for particulate formulations. Decoration with various integrin-targeting peptides has been reported to increase nanoparticle accumulation in tumors \u2265 3-fold when compared to passively targeted delivery. In recent years, many newly discovered or rationally designed integrin-binding peptides with excellent specificity towards a single integrin receptor have emerged. Here, we show a comprehensive analysis of previously unreviewed integrin-binding peptides, provide diverse modification routes for nanoparticle conjugation, and showcase the most notable examples of their use for tumor and metastases visualization and eradication to date, as well as possibilities for combined cancer therapies for a synergetic effect. This review aims to highlight the latest advancements in integrin-binding peptide development and is directed to aid transition to the development of novel nanoparticle-based theranostic agents for cancer therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T02:34:52Z","timestamp":1667961292000},"page":"13735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Delivery of Theranostic Nanoparticles to Various Cancers by Means of Integrin-Binding Peptides"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4548-5104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena A.","family":"Egorova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sirius, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 1 Meditsinskaya Str., 603081 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim P.","family":"Nikitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sirius, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maeda, H., and Khatami, M. 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