{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:03:24Z","timestamp":1789578204968,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China postdoctoral science foundation","award":["2020M683422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M683422"]}]},{"name":"China postdoctoral science foundation","award":["82003928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82003928"]}]},{"name":"China postdoctoral science foundation","award":["82071348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071348"]}]},{"name":"China postdoctoral science foundation","award":["GK202103069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK202103069"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020M683422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M683422"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82003928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82003928"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82071348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071348"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["GK202103069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK202103069"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020M683422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M683422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82003928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82003928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GK202103069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GK202103069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major public health problem. The effects of sesamolin on obesity-associated NAFLD and its possible mechanism are still poorly understood. The present study investigated the effects of sesamolin on NAFLD and changes in gut microbiota and serum metabolites in high-fat and high-fructose (HF-HF) diet-fed mice. Mice with NAFLD were treated with or without sesamolin. Sesamolin effectively suppressed obesity-associated metabolic disorder, attenuated hepatic steatosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and decreased levels of hepatic proinflammatory cytokines. Sesamolin also altered the composition of gut microbiota at the genus level. Additionally, differential serum metabolite biomarkers identified in an untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that sesamolin changed the levels of metabolites and influenced metabolomics pathways including caffeine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. Changes in metabolite biomarkers and the abundances of Faecalibaculum, Lachnoclostridium, Mucispirillum, Allobaculum, and Bacteroides are highly correlated with those factors involved in the progression of NAFLD. These results are important in deciphering new mechanisms by which changes in bacteria and metabolites in sesamolin treatment might be associated with the alleviation of obesity-associated NAFLD in HF-HF diet-fed mice. Thus, sesamolin may be a potential compound for obesity-associated NAFLD treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T19:16:23Z","timestamp":1668107783000},"page":"13853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Sesamolin Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710119, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710119, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3563-1123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710119, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an 710119, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20973","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: From steatosis to cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Farrell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902106","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.902106","article-title":"The gut microbiota: Master of puppets connecting the epidemiology of infectious, autoimmune, and metabolic disease","volume":"13","author":"Larsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29466","article-title":"Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease","volume":"67","author":"Estes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perdomo, C.M., Fr\u00fchbeck, G., and Escalada, J. (2019). Impact of nutritional changes on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030677"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14360","article-title":"The role of nutrition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology and management","volume":"40","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.30121","article-title":"Role of nutrition in the pathogenesis and prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Recent updates","volume":"15","author":"Ullah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.06.020","article-title":"Long term nutritional intake and the risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A population based study","volume":"47","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.06.023","article-title":"Gut-liver axis, nutrition, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"48","author":"Kirpich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.09.004","article-title":"\u201cSweet death\u201d: Fructose as a metabolic toxin that targets the gut-liver axis","volume":"33","author":"Febbraio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakanishi, T., Fukui, H., Wang, X., Nishiumi, S., Yokota, H., Makizaki, Y., Tanaka, Y., Ohno, H., Tomita, T., and Oshima, T. (2021). Effect of a high-fat diet on the small-intestinal environment and mucosal integrity in the gut-liver axis. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113168"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318284abb5","article-title":"Microbiota and gut-liver axis: A mini-review on their influences on obesity and obesity related liver disease","volume":"56","author":"Vajro","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-3010.2005.00472.x","article-title":"Nutritional aspects of oilseeds","volume":"30","author":"McKevith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. Bull."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"175","article-title":"Studies on the production of protein isolates from defatted sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) flour and their nutritional profile","volume":"14","author":"Gandhi","year":"2007","journal-title":"ASEAN Food J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.17306\/J.AFS.2014.3.9","article-title":"Comparison between the nutritional quality of flour obtained from raw, roasted and fermented sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed grown in Nigeria","volume":"13","author":"Makinde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Sci. Pol. Technol. Aliment."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-013-1012-0","article-title":"Development of a rapid method for determination of lignans content in sesame oil","volume":"52","author":"Bhatnagar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s11746-006-5029-7","article-title":"Sesame seed is a rich source of dietary lignans","volume":"83","author":"Moazzami","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4314\/sljbr.v2i1.56583","article-title":"Nutraceutical importance of sesame seed and oil: A review of the contribution of their lignans","volume":"2","author":"Kanu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sierra Leone J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2174\/1573408052952748","article-title":"Sesamin and sesamolin: Nature\u2019s therapeutic lignans","volume":"1","author":"Jeng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Enzym. Inhib."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2174\/2212798411103010017","article-title":"Sesame seed lignans: Potent physiological modulators and possible ingredients in functional foods & nutraceuticals","volume":"3","author":"Moazzami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Food Nutr. Agric."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.05.073","article-title":"Protective effects of sesamin and sesamolin on murine BV-2 microglia cell line under hypoxia","volume":"367","author":"Hou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2019.65.6.16","article-title":"Sesamolin exerts anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect on human colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"65","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.08.014","article-title":"Sesamolin enhances NK cell lysis activity by increasing the expression of NKG2D ligands on Burkitt\u2019s lymphoma cells","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"237","article-title":"Growth inhibitory effects of sesamolin from sesame seeds on human leukemia HL-60 cells","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Korean J. Pharmacogn."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"369","article-title":"Sesamolin from sesame seed inhibits proliferation by inducing apoptosis in human lymphoid leukemia Molt 4B cells","volume":"7","author":"Miyahara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-020-01229-y","article-title":"Sesamolin promotes cytolysis and migration activity of natural killer cells via dendritic cells","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.59566\/IJBS.2006.2284","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of sesamin and sesamolin on gerbil brain in cerebral ischemia","volume":"2","author":"Cheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.6.1018","article-title":"Sesamolin inhibits lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney","volume":"128","author":"Kang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06451-1","article-title":"The effect of sesame oil consumption compared to sunflower oil on lipid profile, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized double-blind controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Vahedi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4982080","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4982080","article-title":"Sesame oil ameliorates alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and fatty liver grade in women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease undergoing low-calorie diet: A randomized double-blind controlled trial","volume":"2022","author":"Atefi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2013.10.013","article-title":"Sesame oil mitigates nutritional steatohepatitis via attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation: A tale of two-hit hypothesis","volume":"25","author":"Periasamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.177703","article-title":"A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human","volume":"7","author":"Anroop","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24001","article-title":"Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The multiple parallel hits hypothesis","volume":"52","author":"Tilg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.06.005","article-title":"Coptisine attenuates obesity-related inflammation through LPS\/TLR-4-mediated signaling pathway in Syrian golden hamsters","volume":"105","author":"Zou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chyau, C.C., Wang, H.F., Zhang, W.J., Chen, C.C., Huang, S.H., Chang, C.C., and Peng, R.Y. (2020). Antrodan alleviates high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced fatty liver disease in C57BL\/6 mice model via AMPK\/Sirt1\/SREBP-1c\/PPAR\u03b3 pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010360"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.108994","article-title":"Beneficial effects of flaxseed polysaccharides on metabolic syndrome via gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed mice","volume":"131","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.09.008","article-title":"NAFLD, Helicobacter species and the intestinal microbiome","volume":"31","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584090","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.584090","article-title":"Da-chai-hu decoction ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through remodeling the gut microbiota and modulating the serum metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7325","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02211","article-title":"Correlation analysis of intestinal redox state with the gut microbiota reveals the positive intervention of tea polyphenols on hyperlipidemia in high fat diet fed mice","volume":"67","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.03.004","article-title":"Mucispirillum schaedleri antagonizes Salmonella virulence to protect mice against colitis","volume":"25","author":"Herp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48941","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10597","article-title":"Deciphering bacterial community changes in zucker diabetic fatty rats based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis","volume":"7","author":"Gu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01813","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota modulation in obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Porras","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28572","article-title":"Gut microbiota profiling of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obese patients unveiled by an integrated meta-omics-based approach","volume":"65","author":"Nobili","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7353","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i32.7353","article-title":"Effects of different diets on intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8015","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b02979","article-title":"Pectin alleviates high fat (lard) diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice: Possible role of short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota regulated by pectin","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201500738","article-title":"Lingonberries reduce atherosclerosis in Apoe\u2212\/\u2212 mice in association with altered gut microbiota composition and improved lipid profile","volume":"60","author":"Matziouridou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00906","article-title":"The genus Alistipes: Gut bacteria with emerging implications to inflammation, cancer, and mental health","volume":"11","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(17)60019-5","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Dis. Int."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.10.002","article-title":"Probiotics improve gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice fed a high-fat or high-sucrose diet","volume":"60","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.101246","article-title":"Flammulina velutipes mycorrhizae dietary fiber improves lipid metabolism disorders in obese mice through activating AMPK signaling pathway mediated by gut microbiota","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2019.03.001","article-title":"Inulin can alleviate metabolism disorders in ob\/ob mice by partially restoring leptin-related pathways mediated by gut microbiota","volume":"17","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genom. Proteom. Bioinf"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2016.06.003","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver and the gut microbiota","volume":"5","author":"Stavros","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S481","DOI":"10.12701\/yujm.2007.24.2S.S481","article-title":"Effect of paraxanthine on body fat reduction and insulin sensitivity in monosodiun glutamate-bbese rats","volume":"24","author":"Song","year":"2007","journal-title":"Yeungnam Univ. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, H., Wen, Z., Xu, X., Wang, J., Li, X., Meng, K., and Yang, P. (2022). Serum metabolomics analysis for biomarkers of lactobacillus plantarum FRT4 in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11020184"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(00)00124-5","article-title":"Can alcohol promote aromatization of androgens to estrogens? A review","volume":"22","author":"Purohit","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815467","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.815467","article-title":"Metabolomic analysis uncovers lipid and amino acid metabolism disturbance during the development of ascites in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665110001576","article-title":"Important drug-nutrient interactions","volume":"69","author":"Mason","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO03343C","article-title":"Punicalagin alleviates renal injury via the gut-kidney axis in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice","volume":"13","author":"Hua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25889","article-title":"Histopathological algorithm and scoring system for evaluation of liver lesions in morbidly obese patients","volume":"56","author":"Bedossa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2019.09.016","article-title":"Serum metabonomics study of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus based on LC-MS","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kl\u00e5vus, A., Kokla, M., Noerman, S., Koistinen, V.M., Tuomainen, M., Zarei, I., Meuronen, T., H\u00e4kkinen, M.R., Rummukainen, S., and Farizah Babu, A. (2020). \u201cNotame\u201d: Workflow for non-targeted LC-MS metabolic profiling. Metabolites, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10040135"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/22\/13853\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:13:54Z","timestamp":1760145234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/22\/13853"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms232213853"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232213853","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]}}}