{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:54:59Z","timestamp":1773017699766,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Warsaw","award":["1W21\/1\/M\/GW\/N\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1W21\/1\/M\/GW\/N\/21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effective treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease is still a challenge. Local administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is becoming a part of accepted treatment options. However, as a fledgling technique, it still can be optimized. A new trend in translational research, which is in line with \u201cOne Health\u201d approach, bases on exploiting parallels between naturally occurring diseases affecting humans and companion animals. Canine anal furunculosis (AF) has been indicated as condition analogous to human perianal Crohn\u2019s disease (pCD). This narrative review provides the first comprehensive comparative analysis of these two diseases based on the published data. The paper also outlines the molecular mechanisms of action of MSCs which are likely to have a role in modulating the perianal fistula niche in humans, and refers them to the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory properties of canine MSCs. Generally, the pathogenesis of both diseases shares main determinants such as the presence of genetic predispositions, dysregulation of immune response and the relation to intestine microbiota. However, we also identified many aspects which should be further specified, such as determining the frequency of true fistulas formation in AF patients, elucidating the role of TNF and Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of AF, or clarifying the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenomenon in the formation of canine fistulae. Nevertheless, the available data support the hypothesis that the results from testing cell therapies in dogs with anal furunculosis have a significant translational value in optimizing MSC transplants procedures in pCD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T02:29:32Z","timestamp":1668392972000},"page":"13917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Intersection of Human and Veterinary Medicine\u2014A Possible Direction towards the Improvement of Cell Therapy Protocols in the Treatment of Perianal Fistulas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7148-5971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Burdzinska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Galanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Wi\u0119cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip A.","family":"Dabrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center for Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Club35, Polish Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologist, PTGiP, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9928-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Lotfy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA"},{"name":"Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9175-7110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Sadkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1687834","article-title":"Perianal Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"32","author":"Pogacnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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