{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:41:34Z","timestamp":1760244094073,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020M3E5E2039159","NRF-2019R1A6A1A03031807","NRF-2017R1A2B4012546","T36800","D36401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020M3E5E2039159","NRF-2019R1A6A1A03031807","NRF-2017R1A2B4012546","T36800","D36401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003716","name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020M3E5E2039159","NRF-2019R1A6A1A03031807","NRF-2017R1A2B4012546","T36800","D36401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020M3E5E2039159","NRF-2019R1A6A1A03031807","NRF-2017R1A2B4012546","T36800","D36401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003716","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AQEE-30 is one of the VGF peptides, which are derived from the VGF polypeptide precursor, and related to various physiological phenomena including neuroprotective effects in Huntington\u2032s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although various functions of AQEE-30 have been reported so far, the structure of this peptide has not been reported yet. In this study, the structure of human AQEE-30 was investigated in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) micelle solutions, using circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. CD results showed that AQEE-30 had a partial helical structure in aqueous buffer, and the helical structure was stabilized in the HFIP and DPC micelle solutions. The 3D structures determined by NMR spectroscopy showed that AQEE-30 adopted mainly \u03b1-helical structure in both the HFIP and DPC micelle solutions. The surface of AQEE-30 showed that it was predominantly negatively charged. The residues from 601 to 611 in both the HFIP and DPC micelle solutions showed amphiphilicity with four negatively charged residues, glutamate. The C-terminal consecutive arginine residues formed a partial positively charged surface. These results suggest an \u03b1-helical active structure of AQEE-30 in the cell-membrane environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T02:29:32Z","timestamp":1668392972000},"page":"13953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structure of AQEE-30 of VGF Neuropeptide in Membrane-Mimicking Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"One-Sung","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong 30019, Korea"},{"name":"Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5916-0912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Kyu","family":"Bang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaejoon","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Cheongju 28119, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4764-5127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Ho","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong 30019, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3839317","article-title":"Molecular cloning of a gene sequence regulated by nerve growth factor","volume":"229","author":"Levi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10800","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-34-10800.2003","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced gene expression reveals novel actions of VGF in hippocampal synaptic plasticity","volume":"23","author":"Alder","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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