{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:37Z","timestamp":1780358437816,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":239,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic Ministry of Education and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic Ministry of Education and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["SP2022\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/8"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic Ministry of Education and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["04-GASPU-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-GASPU-2021"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Mining and Geology of VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava","award":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Mining and Geology of VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava","award":["SP2022\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/8"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Mining and Geology of VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava","award":["04-GASPU-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-GASPU-2021"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra","award":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra","award":["SP2022\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/8"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra","award":["04-GASPU-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-GASPU-2021"]}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","award":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0175\/22"]}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","award":["SP2022\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP2022\/8"]}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","award":["04-GASPU-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-GASPU-2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the 21st century, nanomaterials play an increasingly important role in our lives with applications in many sectors, including agriculture, biomedicine, and biosensors. Over the last two decades, extensive research has been conducted to find ways to synthesise nanoparticles (NPs) via mediation with fungi or fungal extracts. Mycosynthesis can potentially be an energy-efficient, highly adjustable, environmentally benign alternative to conventional physico-chemical procedures. This review investigates the role of metal toxicity in fungi on cell growth and biochemical levels, and how their strategies of resistance, i.e., metal chelation, biomineral formation, biosorption, bioaccumulation, compartmentalisation, and efflux of metals from cells, contribute to the synthesis of metal-containing NPs used in different applications, e.g., biomedical, antimicrobial, catalytic, biosensing, and precision agriculture. The role of different synthesis conditions, including that of fungal biomolecules serving as nucleation centres or templates for NP synthesis, reducing agents, or capping agents in the synthesis process, is also discussed. The authors believe that future studies need to focus on the mechanism of NP synthesis, as well as on the influence of such conditions as pH, temperature, biomass, the concentration of the precursors, and volume of the fungal extracts on the efficiency of the mycosynthesis of NPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T02:24:53Z","timestamp":1668565493000},"page":"14084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Mycosynthesis of Metal-Containing Nanoparticles\u2014Fungal Metal Resistance and Mechanisms of Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-5064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"\u0160ebesta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovi\u010dova 6, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0200-289X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana","family":"Vojtkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, V\u0160B\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172\/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Cyprichov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovi\u010dova 6, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1633-5775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avinash P.","family":"Ingle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre, Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Agricultural University, Akola 444 104, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7998-7992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Ur\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovi\u010dova 6, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9331-5682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Kolen\u010d\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Geology, Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.03.030","article-title":"Synthesis and modification of bio-derived antibacterial Ag and ZnO nanoparticles by plants, fungi, and bacteria","volume":"26","author":"Alavi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kolen\u010d\u00edk, M., Ernst, D., Ur\u00edk, M., \u010euri\u0161ov\u00e1, \u013d., Bujdo\u0161, M., \u0160ebesta, M., Dobro\u010dka, E., K\u0161i\u0148an, S., Illa, R., and Yu, Q. (2020). Foliar Application of Low Concentrations of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to the Common Sunflower under Field Conditions. 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