{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T14:23:31Z","timestamp":1781706211901,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E56C18001780001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E56C18001780001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Listeria monocytogenes is a major human foodborne pathogen responsible for listeriosis. The virulence factor Internalin A (inlA) has a key role in the invasion of L. monocytogenes into the human intestinal epithelium, and the presence of premature stop-codons (PMSC) mutations in the inlA gene sequence is correlated with attenuated virulence. The inlA sequencing process is carried out by dividing the gene into three sections which are then reassembled to obtain the full gene. The primers available however were only able to entirely amplify the lineage II isolates. In this study, we present a set of new primers which allow inlA sequencing of isolates belonging to both lineages, since lineage I isolates are the ones most frequently associated to clinical cases. Using newly designed primers, we assessed the presence of inlA PMSCs in food, food processing environments and clinical isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T02:24:53Z","timestamp":1668565493000},"page":"14106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Newly Designed Primers for the Sequencing of the inlA Gene of Lineage I and II Listeria monocytogenes Isolates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5535-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Magagna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5494-2544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Finazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per i Rischi Emergenti in Sicurezza Alimentare\u2014CRESA, Via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4569-5793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Filipello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell\u2019Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), Via A. Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36419","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36419","article-title":"Listeria Monocytogenes Sequence Type 1 Is Predominant in Ruminant Rhombencephalitis","volume":"6","author":"Dreyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13186","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.13186","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenesa, Model in Infection Biology","volume":"22","author":"Lecuit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1086\/314008","article-title":"Foodborne listeriosis","volume":"31","author":"Acheson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. 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