{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:34:10Z","timestamp":1789122850042,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":228,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union\u2019s NextGeneration EU funds","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union\u2019s NextGeneration EU funds","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union\u2019s NextGeneration EU funds","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Social Fund\u2013ESF)","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Social Fund\u2013ESF)","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Social Fund\u2013ESF)","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"GAIN-Xunta de Galicia","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"GAIN-Xunta de Galicia","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"GAIN-Xunta de Galicia","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"Spanish AEI\/EU-FEDER","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"Spanish AEI\/EU-FEDER","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"Spanish AEI\/EU-FEDER","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation","award":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2.013-48.244-R"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation","award":["IN607D 2017\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN607D 2017\/01"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation","award":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-103845RB-C21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbiota present in the gastrointestinal tract is involved in the development or prevention of food allergies and autoimmune disorders; these bacteria can enter the gallbladder and, depending on the species involved, can either be benign or cause significant diseases. Occlusion of the gallbladder, usually due to the presence of calculi blocking the bile duct, facilitates microbial infection and inflammation, which can be serious enough to require life-saving surgery. In addition, the biliary salts are secreted into the intestine and can affect the gut microbiota. The interaction between the gut microbiota, pathogenic organisms, and the human immune system can create intestinal dysbiosis, generating a variety of syndromes including the development of food allergies and autoimmune disorders. The intestinal microbiota can aggravate certain food allergies, which become severe when the integrity of the intestinal barrier is affected, allowing bacteria, or their metabolites, to cross the intestinal barrier and invade the bloodstream, affecting distal body organs. This article deals with health conditions and severe diseases that are either influenced by the gut flora or caused by gallbladder obstruction and inflammation, as well as putative treatments for those illnesses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T02:52:21Z","timestamp":1668999141000},"page":"14333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Role of the Gallbladder, the Intestinal Barrier and the Gut Microbiota in the Development of Food Allergies and Other Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9214-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana G.","family":"Abril","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9282-6234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1s G.","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngeles","family":"S\u00e1nchez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0273-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Notario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2973-449X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council, Marine Research Institute, 36208 Vigo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villa, T., and Vinas, M. (2016). Intestinal Microbiota: First Barrier Against Gut-Affecting Pathogens. New Weapons to Control Bacterial Growth, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28368-5"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Villa, T.G., and de Miguel Bouzas, T. (2016). The Gut Microbiome Affects Human Mood and Behavior. Developmental Biology in Prokaryotes and Lower Eukaryotes, Springer."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villa, T., and Vinas, M. (2016). Fecal Matter Implantation as a Way to Fight Diarrhea-Causing Microorganisms. New Weapons to Control Bacterial Growth, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28368-5"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00364-7","article-title":"In vitro ecology: A discovery engine for microbiome therapies","volume":"17","author":"Raes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20160510","article-title":"Introduction to the human gut microbiota","volume":"474","author":"Thursby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nance, C.L., Deniskin, R., Diaz, V.C., Paul, M., Anvari, S., and Anagnostou, A. (2020). The Role of the Microbiome in Food Allergy: A Review. Children, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/children7060050"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e144994","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI144994","article-title":"Dysbiosis in food allergy and implications for microbial therapeutics","volume":"131","author":"Berin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-013-1044-5","article-title":"Coeliac disease: An old or a new disease? History of a pathology","volume":"9","author":"Gasbarrini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intern. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.136","article-title":"Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Leaky Gullet or Leaky Gut?","volume":"112","author":"Katzka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e459","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2029","article-title":"Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: 16-year experience","volume":"123","author":"Mehr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S100379","article-title":"Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome-a review of the literature with focus on clinical management","volume":"10","author":"Michelet","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0135","article-title":"Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Castro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2000.tb02682.x","article-title":"Food-Induced Eosinophilic Proctocolitis","volume":"30","author":"Lake","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Ped. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0546(09)70250-2","article-title":"Allergic proctocolitis, food-induced enterocolitis: Immune mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"37","author":"Claver","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allerg. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.1.2","article-title":"Ecological control of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of probiotic flora","volume":"42","author":"Bengmark","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sender, R., Fuchs, S., and Milo, R. (2016). Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body. PLoS Biol., 14.","DOI":"10.1101\/036103"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9378","article-title":"How colonization by microbiota in early life shapes the immune system","volume":"352","author":"Gensollen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.013","article-title":"Are we really vastly outnumbered? Revisiting the ratio of bacterial to host cells in humans","volume":"164","author":"Sender","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., and Walter, P. (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell, Garland Science. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11550","article-title":"Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota","volume":"489","author":"Lozupone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08821","article-title":"A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing","volume":"464","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s12263-011-0229-7","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota in human health and disease: The impact of probiotics","volume":"6","author":"Gerritsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Nutr."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"31","article-title":"The microbiota of human milk in healthy women","volume":"59","author":"Langa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-019-0712-8","article-title":"The human gallbladder microbiome is related to the physiological state and the biliary metabolic profile","volume":"7","author":"Molinero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.38.3.283","article-title":"Protection against typhoid-like infections by vaccination. An experimental study","volume":"38","author":"Nichols","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"360","article-title":"On Cholera","volume":"22","author":"Saunders","year":"1887","journal-title":"Indian Med. Gazette"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"15","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of gallstone disease","volume":"259","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2005.05.005","article-title":"Oral probiotic bacterial administration suppressed allergic responses in an oval-bumin-induced allergy mouse model. FEMS","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i12.1257","article-title":"Microbiologic risk factors of recurrent choledocholithiasis post-endoscopic sphincter-otomy","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1928.86.3.599","article-title":"hormone mechanism for gall-bladder contraction and evacuation","volume":"86","author":"Ivy","year":"1928","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R139","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-21-0025","article-title":"Cholecystokinin and the hormone concept","volume":"10","author":"Rehfeld","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4353","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000862107","article-title":"Gallstones play a significant role in Salmonella spp. gallbladder colonization and carriage","volume":"107","author":"Crawford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2490","article-title":"Chronic and acute infection of the gall bladder by Salmonella Typhi: Un-derstanding the carrier state","volume":"9","author":"Marshall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-014-0406-0","article-title":"Cancer-Promoting Effects of Microbial Dysbiosis","volume":"16","author":"Sheflin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-199303000-00008","article-title":"Biliary bile acids in cholelithiasis and carcinoma of the gall bladder on JSTOR","volume":"2","author":"Shukla","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"1622","article-title":"Role of bile bacteria in gallbladder carcinoma","volume":"54","author":"Sharma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, T., Zhang, Z., Liu, B., Hou, D., Liang, Y., Zhang, J., and Shi, P. (2013). Gut microbiota dysbiosis and bacterial community assembly associated with cholesterol gallstones in large-scale study. BMC Genom., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-14-669"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.05.017","article-title":"Acute cholecystitis associated with infection of Enterobacteriaceae from gut microbiota","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"1092563","article-title":"A Preliminary Study of Biliary Microbiota in Patients with Bile Duct Stones or Distal Cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"2019","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saab, M., Mestivier, D., Sohrabi, M., Rodriguez, C., Khonsari, M.R., Faraji, A., and Sobhani, I. (2021). Characterization of biliary microbiota dysbiosis in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247798"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R000042","article-title":"Bile salts of vertebrates: Structural variation and possible evolutionary significance","volume":"51","author":"Hofmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R900010-JLR200","article-title":"Bile acids: Regulation of synthesis","volume":"50","author":"Chiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"G1","article-title":"Functional analysis of colonic bacterial metabolism: Relevant to health? Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest","volume":"302","author":"Hamer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(90)90023-5","article-title":"Bile flow and colon cancer","volume":"238","author":"Hill","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2011.05.010","article-title":"Bile acids and colon cancer: Solving the puzzle with nuclear re-ceptors","volume":"17","author":"Degirolamo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00163","article-title":"Interactions between Bacteria and Bile Salts in the Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Tracts","volume":"4","author":"Urdaneta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1401941111","article-title":"Bile salts act as effective protein-unfolding agents and instigators of disulfide stress in vivo","volume":"111","author":"Cremers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.3.1491-1497.2000","article-title":"The virulence regulatory protein ToxR mediates enhanced bile resistance in Vibrio cholerae and other pathogenic Vibrio species","volume":"68","author":"Provenzano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2004.12.027","article-title":"Severe oxidative stress causes inactivation of DnaK and activation of the re-dox-regulated chaperone Hsp33","volume":"17","author":"Winter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.07982.x","article-title":"Hsp33 confers bleach resistance by protecting elongation factor Tu against oxidative degradation in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"83","author":"Wholey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.03.007","article-title":"Innate immunity in disease","volume":"12","author":"Elliott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kortman, G.A., Boleij, A., Swinkels, D.W., and Tjalsma, H. (2012). Iron availability increases the pathogenic potential of Salmonella typhimurium and other enteric pathogens at the intestinal epithelial interface. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029968"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00031-16","article-title":"Survival of the Fittest: How Bacterial Pathogens Utilize Bile to Enhance Infection","volume":"29","author":"Sistrunk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1128\/am.13.1.77-80.1965","article-title":"Effect of various concentrations of brilliant green and bile salts on Salmonellae and other microorganisms","volume":"13","author":"Miller","year":"1965","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s002849900420","article-title":"Bile salt activation of stress response promoters in Escherichia coli","volume":"39","author":"Bernstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4509","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00200-11","article-title":"Bile salts induce resistance to polymyxin in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7","volume":"193","author":"Kus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3652","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.12.3652-3662.2001","article-title":"Characterization of the role of the ToxR-modulated outer membrane porins OmpU and OmpT in Vibrio cholerae virulence","volume":"183","author":"Provenzano","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.03.027","article-title":"Adaptation of Vibrio vulnificus and an rpoS mutant to bile salts","volume":"140","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6809","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.20.6809-6814.2004","article-title":"Effect of bile on the cell surface permeability barrier and efflux system of Vibrio cholerae","volume":"186","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7441","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00584-08","article-title":"The bile response repressor BreR regulates expression of the Vibrio cholerae breAB efflux system operon","volume":"190","author":"Ringelberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-006-0133-5","article-title":"Characterization of the Vibrio cholerae vexAB and vexCD efflux systems","volume":"186","author":"Bina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02283-14","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02283-14","article-title":"The Vibrio cholerae VprA-VprB two-component system controls virulence through endotoxin modification","volume":"5","author":"Herrera","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2014.03.004","article-title":"Overexpression of vmeTUV encoding a multidrug efflux transporter of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes bile acid resistance","volume":"541","author":"Matsuo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"625","article-title":"The interaction between bacteria and bile. FEMS","volume":"29","author":"Begley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.046565-0","article-title":"TolA mediates the differential detergent re-sistance pattern between the Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars Typhi and Typhimurium","volume":"157","author":"Lahiri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.031062","article-title":"Bile-induced DNA damage in Salmonella enterica","volume":"168","author":"Prieto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.106.060889","article-title":"Repair of DNA damage induced by bile salts in Salmonella enterica","volume":"174","author":"Prieto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24245","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M804544200","article-title":"AcrAB multidrug efflux pump regulation in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi-murium by RamA in response to environmental signals","volume":"283","author":"Nikaido","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04940.x","article-title":"Virulence and drug resistance roles of multidrug efflux systems of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium","volume":"59","author":"Nishino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4250","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.8.4250-4259.2003","article-title":"Critical role of multidrug efflux pump CmeABC in bile resistance and in vivo colonization of Campylobacter jejuni","volume":"71","author":"Lin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007626410724","article-title":"Pseudomonas spp. complications in patients with HIV disease: An eight- year clinical and microbiological survey","volume":"16","author":"Manfredi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"469","article-title":"Cholecystitis, bacteriological and experimental study","volume":"27","author":"Magner","year":"1932","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1038\/2141152a0","article-title":"Action of Bile Salts on Bacterial Cell Walls","volume":"214","author":"Hill","year":"1967","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2006.11.008","article-title":"The present state of species within the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus","volume":"297","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.23.1.49","article-title":"Fat absorption in germ-free and conventional rats artificially deprived of bile secretion","volume":"23","author":"Demarne","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.89.1.47-51.1965","article-title":"Effect of high fat diets on intestinal microflora and serum cholesterol in rats","volume":"89","author":"Graber","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19730014","article-title":"The relation between diet and the gut microflora in man","volume":"32","author":"Drasar","year":"1973","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711040405","article-title":"The effect of some factors on the faecal concentration of acid steroids, neutral steroids and urobilins","volume":"104","author":"Hill","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19740115","article-title":"The influence of the gut microflora on the digestion of dietary and endogenous proteins: Studies of the amino acid composition of the excreta of germ-free and conventional chicks","volume":"32","author":"Salter","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S209","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114500006048","article-title":"Dietary modulation of the human gut microflora using prebiotics","volume":"80","author":"Gibson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0884","article-title":"Case Report: Vibrio cholerae Biliary Tract Infections in Two North Africans in France","volume":"102","author":"Parola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"133","article-title":"diseases of the gall-bladder and bile-ducts, and on gall-stones","volume":"71","author":"Robson","year":"1909","journal-title":"Glasgow Med. J."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"639","article-title":"I: The Complications of Cholelithiasis","volume":"17","author":"Parker","year":"1893","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.43.6.753","article-title":"Studies on urobilin physiology and pathology. VI. The relation of biliary infections to the genesis and excretion of urobilin","volume":"43","author":"McMaster","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"77","article-title":"Clinical Features of Gallbladder and Gall Duct Affections","volume":"3","author":"Moffitt","year":"1905","journal-title":"Cal. State J. Med."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193209000-00013","article-title":"Acute Pancreatic Necrosis and Its Sequel\u00e6. A Critical Study of Thirty Cases","volume":"96","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1932","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870230304","article-title":"Further observations on the usefulness of the sonographic Murphy\u2019s sign in the evaluation of suspected acute cholecystitis","volume":"23","author":"Bree","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"260","article-title":"Gas Bacillus Infection","volume":"13","author":"Barrett","year":"1915","journal-title":"Cal. State J. Med."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193503000-00010","article-title":"Acute cholecystitis","volume":"101","author":"Lipshutz","year":"1935","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1915.02580180004002","article-title":"The Essential Factors in the Diagnosis of Chronicand Duodenal Ulcers","volume":"18","author":"Eusterman","year":"1915","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"308","article-title":"Toxic gastric hemorrhage","volume":"15","author":"Crispin","year":"1917","journal-title":"Cal. State J. Med."},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"929","article-title":"Surgery of the Gallbladder and Biliary Ducts","volume":"11","author":"Judd","year":"1921","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(70)90011-5","article-title":"Role of the lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease in the biliary tract and p\u00e1ncreas","volume":"199","author":"Weiner","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193601000-00010","article-title":"Surgery of the gallbladder and biliary tract","volume":"103","author":"Glenn","year":"1936","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"650893","article-title":"The Association Between Intestinal Bacteria and Allergic Diseases\u2014Cause or Consequence? Front. Cell","volume":"11","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2010.10k056","article-title":"John Bostock\u2019s first description of hayfever","volume":"104","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.97.6.840","article-title":"Physicochemical properties of reaginic antibody V. Correlation of reaginic activity with \u03d2E-globulin antibody","volume":"97","author":"Ishizaka","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2005.02.010","article-title":"IgE: A question of protective immunity in Trichinella spiralis infection","volume":"21","author":"Watanabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(03)80153-7","article-title":"The allergy archives","volume":"111","author":"Dworetzky","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Allerg. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.4065\/82.9.1119","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy","volume":"82","author":"Rank","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"CD001186","article-title":"Injection allergen immunotherapy for asthma","volume":"8","author":"Abramson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_102","first-page":"377","article-title":"The Human Microbiota and Its Relationship with Allergies. Gastroenterol","volume":"48","author":"Fyhrquist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. North Am."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-016-4058-6","article-title":"The possible mechanisms of the human microbiome in allergic diseases","volume":"274","author":"Ipci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799788","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.799788","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Systemic Lupus Ery-thematosus: Novel Insights into Mechanisms and Promising Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"12","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket160","article-title":"Effect of gender on clinical presentation in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"52","author":"Murphy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60128-8","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"384","author":"Lisnevskaia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000395","article-title":"The gut microbiota: A possible factor influencing systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"29","author":"Neuman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"5579608","article-title":"Correlation Analysis between Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"2021","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2018.1519395","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota in lupus: What we know in 2018?","volume":"14","author":"Ruiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2017.11.004","article-title":"Lupus: The microbiome angle","volume":"223","author":"Yacoub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683489","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/683489","article-title":"Possible Link Between Infection with Burkholderia Bacteria and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Epitope Mimicry","volume":"2008","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Dev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.141.7.1539","article-title":"Claudin-1 and -2: Novel integral membrane proteins localizing at tight junctions with no sequence similarity to occludin","volume":"141","author":"Furuse","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25247","DOI":"10.4161\/tisb.25247","article-title":"Claudin interactions in and out of the tight junction","volume":"1","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.6.1777","article-title":"Occludin: A novel integral membrane protein localizing at tight junctions","volume":"123","author":"Furuse","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5242","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.12.5242","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae produces a second enterotoxin, which affects intestinal tight junctions","volume":"88","author":"Fasano","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27321","DOI":"10.4161\/tisb.27321","article-title":"The role of Haptoglobin and its related protein, Zonulin, in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"1","author":"Vanuytsel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36578","article-title":"Host-dependent activation of the zonulin system is involved in the impairment of the gut barrier function following bacterial colonization","volume":"123","author":"Panigrahi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-011-8291-x","article-title":"Leaky Gut and Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"42","author":"Fasano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allerg. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16799","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906773106","article-title":"Identification of human zonulin, a physiological modulator of tight junctions, as prehaptoglobin-2","volume":"106","author":"Tripathi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_120","first-page":"327","article-title":"Endothelial Cell Motility is Compatible with Junctional Integrity","volume":"211","author":"Renyong","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, H., Gadmor, H., and Brown, L. (2018). Anchoring junctions in the oral mucosa:adherence junctions and desmosomes. Oral Mucosa in Health and Disaease, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-56065-6_3"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kingsley, C., and Kourtidis, A. (2022). Critical roles of adherence junctions in diseases of the oral mucosa. Tissue Barriers., 2084320.","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2022.2084320"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"a002543","article-title":"The desmosome. Cold Spring Harbor","volume":"1","author":"Delva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318427","article-title":"Leaky gut: Mechanisms, measurement and clinical implications in humans","volume":"68","author":"Camilleri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520500235334","article-title":"Gliadin, zonulin and gut permeability: Effects on celiac and non-celiac intestinal mucosa and intestinal cell lines","volume":"41","author":"Drago","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.06.003","article-title":"Latest developments in the pathogenesis and treatment of celiac disease","volume":"149","author":"Branski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2008","article-title":"Zonulin and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: The biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer","volume":"91","author":"Fasano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_128","first-page":"G951","article-title":"Increased gastrointestinal permeability is an early lesion in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat","volume":"276","author":"Meddings","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500178102","article-title":"Role of the intestinal tight junction modulator zonulin in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes in BB diabetic-prone rats","volume":"102","author":"Watts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70126-5","article-title":"Altered tight junction structure contributes to the impaired epithelial barrier function in ulcerative colitis","volume":"116","author":"Schmitz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.094375","article-title":"Changes in expression and distribution of claudin 2, 5 and 8 lead to discontinuous tight junctions and barrier dysfu (nction in active Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"56","author":"Zeissig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.82.2.131","article-title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with asthma","volume":"82","author":"Caffarelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.027680","article-title":"Intestinal permeability is increased in bron-chial asthma","volume":"89","author":"Hijazi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"253","article-title":"Evaluation de la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 intestinale au cours de la spondylarthrite ankylosante par le test au 51Cr-EDTA","volume":"19","author":"Wendling","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Reumatol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gierynska, M., Szulc-Dabrowska, L., Struzik, J., Mielcarska, M.B., and GregorczykZboroch, K.P. (2022). Integrity of the Intes-tinal Barrier: The Involvement of Epithelial Cells and Microbiota\u2014A Mutual Relationship. Animals, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12020145"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Usuda, H., Okamoto, T., and Wada, K. (2021). Leaky gut. Effect of dietary fiber and fats on microbiome and intestinal barrier. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147613"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13740","article-title":"What is the role of putrescine accumulated under potassium deficiency?","volume":"43","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_138","unstructured":"Brieger, L. (1885). Weitere Untersuchungen \u00dcber Ptomaine, Hirschwald."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22502","article-title":"Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for the Production of Putrescine: A Four Carbon Diamine","volume":"104","author":"Qian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg158","article-title":"Determinants of proteasome recognition of ornithine decarboxylase, a ubiqui-tin-independent substrate","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22918","article-title":"Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of cadaverine: A five carbon di-amine","volume":"10","author":"Qian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvj019","article-title":"Aminopropyltransferases: Function, structure and genetics","volume":"139","author":"Ikeguchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.11.001","article-title":"Polyamines: Metabolism and implications in human diseases","volume":"24","author":"Moinard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_144","first-page":"257","article-title":"\u00dcber das Agmatin. Zeitsch. Physiolog","volume":"66","author":"Kossel","year":"1910","journal-title":"Chem"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665100000100","article-title":"Are milk polyamines preventive agents against food allergy?","volume":"59","author":"Dandrifosse","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.09.006","article-title":"Biological significance of dietary polyamines","volume":"23","author":"Zamora","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(97)89374-8","article-title":"Les facteurs trophiques du lait","volume":"5","author":"Buts","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_148","first-page":"G795","article-title":"Role of polyamines in gastrointestinal mucosal growth","volume":"260","author":"McCormack","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200109000-00004","article-title":"Polyamines in the gut lumen: Bioavailability and biodistribution","volume":"13","author":"Milovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_150","first-page":"G576","article-title":"Gastrointestinal luminal polyamines: Cellular accumulation and enterohepatic circulation","volume":"258","author":"Osborne","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_151","first-page":"G851","article-title":"Characterization of univectorial polyamine transport in duodenal crypt cell line","volume":"265","author":"Scemama","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4548","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04548","article-title":"Upregulation of colonic luminal polyamines produced by intestinal microbiota delays senescence in mice","volume":"4","author":"Kibe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1975","article-title":"Induction of autophagy by spermidine promotes longevity","volume":"11","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01295726","article-title":"Maturation of villus and crypt cell functions in rat small intestine. Role of dietary polyamines","volume":"38","author":"Buts","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1174","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00015.2003","article-title":"Regulation of adherens junctions and epithelial paracellular permeability: A novel function for polyamines","volume":"285","author":"Guo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2009.07.006","article-title":"Spermine improves recognition memory deficit in a rodent model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"92","author":"Velloso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.10.1759","article-title":"Spermine Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokine Synthesis in Human Mononuclear Cells: A Counterregulatory Mechanism that Restrains the Immune Response","volume":"185","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G992","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.5.G992","article-title":"NF-kappaB activation and susceptibility to apoptosis after polyamine depletion in intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"280","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4582","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00308-10","article-title":"A Putrescine-Inducible Pathway Comprising PuuE-YneI in Which \u03b3-Aminobutyrate Is Degraded into Succinate in Escherichia coli K-12","volume":"192","author":"Kurihara","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00598","article-title":"Leaky Gut as a Danger Signal for Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Mu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.008","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the United States: Report of the NIAID\u2013sponsored expert panel","volume":"126","author":"Boyce","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00191","article-title":"Gut Microbiome as Target for Innovative Strategies against Food Allergy","volume":"10","author":"Canani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12036","article-title":"Hospital admissions for food\u2013induced anaphylaxis in Italian children","volume":"42","author":"Canani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.10.026","article-title":"A microbiota signature associated with experimental food allergy promotes allergic sensitization and anaphylaxis","volume":"131","author":"Rivas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509991589","article-title":"Comparison of gut microbiota and allergic reactions in BALB\/c mice fed different cultivars of rice","volume":"103","author":"Sonoyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Nut."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02873-0","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov. sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium","volume":"54","author":"Derrien","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Passel, M.W.J., Kant, R., Zoetendal, E.G., Plugge, C.M., Derrien, M., Malfatti, S.A., Chain, P.S.G., Woyke, T., Palva, A., and de Vos, W.M. (2011). The Genome of Akkermansia muciniphila, a Dedicated Intestinal Mucin Degrader, and Its Use in Exploring Intestinal Metagenomes. PLoS ONE, 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016876"},{"key":"ref_168","first-page":"646","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila: A conserved intestinal symbiont that acts as the gatekeeper of our mucosa","volume":"1635","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9066","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219451110","article-title":"Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity","volume":"110","author":"Everard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.07.026","article-title":"Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Dietary Lipids Aggravates WAT Inflammation through TLR Signaling","volume":"22","author":"Caesar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.103555","article-title":"Single-cell analysis reveals chemo-kine-mediated differential regulation of monocyte mechanics","volume":"25","author":"Evers","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(91)90239-B","article-title":"Localization of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene (SCYA2) to human chromosome 17q11.2-q21.1","volume":"9","author":"Mehrabian","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-006-9027-x","article-title":"CCL2 (Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1) in cancer bone metastases","volume":"25","author":"Craig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Metast. Rev."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.011","article-title":"Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation","volume":"157","author":"Belkaid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Costanzo, M., De Paulis, N., and Biasucci, G. (2021). Butyrate: A Link between Early Life Nutrition and Gut Microbiome in the Development of Food Allergy. Life, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/life11050384"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201848009","article-title":"Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Bacterial Messengers Modulating the Immunometabolism of T Cells","volume":"49","author":"Luu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1021\/tx7001965","article-title":"The Search for Endogenous Activators of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor","volume":"21","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.064246","article-title":"Indole and Tryptophan Metabolism: Endogenous and Dietary Routes to Ah Receptor Activation","volume":"43","author":"Hubbard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645168","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.645168","article-title":"Modulation of Immune Responses by Nutritional Ligands of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor","volume":"12","author":"Segura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2020.1851371","article-title":"The interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor, H. pylori, tryptophan, and arginine in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer","volume":"41","author":"Pirzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2019.00108","article-title":"Polyamines in Food","volume":"6","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4923","DOI":"10.1113\/JP276431","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids: Microbial metabolites that alleviate stress-induced brain-gut axis alterations","volume":"596","author":"Boehme","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_183","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunomodulatory potential of gut microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)","volume":"66","author":"Ratajczak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.04.007","article-title":"Benefits of short-chain fatty acids and their receptors in inflammation and carcinog\u00e9nesis","volume":"164","author":"Sivaprakasam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6734","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7734","article-title":"Metabolite-sensing receptors GPR43 and GPR109A facilitate dietary fibre-induced gut home-ostasis through regulation of the inflammasome","volume":"6","author":"Macia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.RV17006","article-title":"Are Short Chain Fatty Acids in Gut Microbiota Defensive Players for Inflammation and Atherosclerosis?","volume":"24","author":"Ohira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Atheroscler. Thromb."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043081","article-title":"Deficiency of Prebiotic Fiber and Insufficient Signaling Through Gut Metabolite-Sensing Receptors Leads to Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"141","author":"Kaye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14473","article-title":"Microbial Peer Pressure: The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Hypertension and Its Complications","volume":"76","author":"Muralitharan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12051","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12051","article-title":"A unique gut microbiota signature in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A pilot study","volume":"12","author":"Jose","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pulm. Circ."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-52-6-2141","article-title":"Growth requirements and fermentation products of Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and a proposal to reclassify it as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii gen. nov., comb","volume":"52","author":"Duncan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00346","article-title":"Searching for the Bacterial Effector: The Example of the Multi-Skilled Commensal Bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii","volume":"9","author":"Langella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_192","first-page":"390","article-title":"Emerging evidence of the role of gut microbiota in the development of al-lergic diseases. Curr. Opin","volume":"16","author":"Vidman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3812","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22125-y","article-title":"Gut microbial composition in patients with psoriasis","volume":"8","author":"Climent","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2018.12.009","article-title":"Re-duced Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii levels in the gut microbiota of children with allergic asthma","volume":"47","author":"Demirci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allerg. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5563","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11207","article-title":"Both living and dead Faecalibacterium prausnitzii alleviate house dust mite-induced allergic asthma through the modulation of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production","volume":"101","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2010.02057.x","article-title":"Is the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii relevant to Crohn\u2019s disease?","volume":"310","author":"Jia","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.03.016","article-title":"Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"48","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Beh. Imm."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.02.025","article-title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (ATCC 27766) has preventive and therapeutic effects on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like and anxiety-like behavior in rats","volume":"104","author":"Hao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509992182","article-title":"Quantitative differ-ences in intestinal Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in obese Indian children","volume":"103","author":"Balamurugan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2015.0069","article-title":"Establishing a causal link between gut microbes, body weight gain and glucose metabolism in humans-towards treatment with probiotics","volume":"7","author":"Stenman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Benefl. Microb."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530316666160831093813","article-title":"Gut Microbiota of Obese, Type 2 Diabetic Individuals is Enriched in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius after Weight Loss","volume":"16","author":"Remely","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rkqvist, O., Rangel, I., Serrander, L., Magnusson, C., Halfvarson, J., Nor\u00e9n, T., and Bergman-Jungestr\u00f6m, M. (2021). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii increases following fecal microbiota transplantation in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249861"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307649","article-title":"Identification of an anti-inflammatory protein from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a commensal bacterium deficient in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"Quevrain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16731","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804812105","article-title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients","volume":"105","author":"Sokol","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_205","first-page":"541","article-title":"Effect of inulin on the human gut microbiota: Stimulation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii","volume":"101","author":"Slezak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rossi, O., Khan, M.T., Schwarzer, M., Hudcovic, T., Srutkova, D., Duncan, S.H., Stolte, E.H., Kozakova, H., Flint, H.J., and Samsom, J.N. (2015). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strain HTF-F and its extracellular polymeric matrix attenuate clinical parameters in DSS-induced colitis. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123013"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18507","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18507","article-title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii A2-165 has a high capacity to induce IL-10 in human and murine dendritic cells and modulates T cell responses","volume":"6","author":"Rossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_208","first-page":"1136","article-title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii supernatant improves intestinal barrier function in mice DSS colitis. Scand","volume":"48","author":"Carlsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e141935","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI141935","article-title":"Fecal microbiome and metabolome differ in healthy and food-allergic twins","volume":"131","author":"Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"ref_210","first-page":"133","article-title":"Antidepressants affect gut microbiota and Ruminococcus flavefaciens is able to abolish their effects on depressive-like behavior. Translat","volume":"9","author":"Getselter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.09.006","article-title":"Intestinal Dysbiosis Featuring Abun-dance of Ruminococcus gnavus Associates with Allergic Diseases in Infants","volume":"154","author":"Chua","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(11)80269-9","article-title":"Phascolarctobacterium faecium gen. nov, spec. nov., a Novel Taxon of the Sporomusa Group of Bacteria","volume":"16","author":"Dot","year":"1993","journal-title":"Syst. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3122","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4878","article-title":"Phascolarctobacterium faecium abundant colonization in human gas-trointestinal tract","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201400201","article-title":"Defining the human gallbladder proteome by transcriptomics and affinity proteomics","volume":"14","author":"Kampf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.11.033","article-title":"Integrated molecular characterization of gallbladder cancer reveals micro-environment-associated subtype","volume":"74","author":"Nepal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_216","first-page":"S66","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer integrated bioinformatics analysis of protein profile data","volume":"12","author":"Zali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Bed Bench"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17450","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17450","article-title":"Metagenomic sequencing of bile from gallstone patients to identify different microbial community patterns and novel biliary bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29571-8","article-title":"Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: The putative role of bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Kose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739621","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.739621","article-title":"Cultivation and genomic characterization of the bile bacterial species from cholecystitis patients","volume":"12","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32496","article-title":"Bile multi-omics analysis classifies lipid species and microbial peptides predictive of Carcinoma of Gallbladder","volume":"76","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gowda, G.A.N., and Raftery, D. (2019). NMR-Based Metabolomics Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9690-2"},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1594","article-title":"Lipid profiling of cancerous and benign gallbladder tissues by 1H NMR spectroscopy","volume":"24","author":"Jayalakshmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-012-0468-7","article-title":"1H NMR metabolic profiling of human serum associated with benign and malignant gallstone diseases","volume":"9","author":"Sonkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, R.K., Sonkar, K., Sinha, N., Rebala, P., Albani, A.E., Behari, A., Reddy, D.N., Farooqui, A., and Kapoor, V.K. (2016). Gallstones: A Worldwide Multifaceted Disease and Its Correlations with Gallbladder Carcinoma. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166351"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-012-0431-7","article-title":"Magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopic metabolic profiling of gall bladder tissues for differentiating malignant from benign disease","volume":"9","author":"Bharti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1080\/05704928.2016.1167707","article-title":"Amphiphilic metabolites in gallbladder bile: Potential biomarkers for gallbladder diseases","volume":"51","author":"Ko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Spectrosc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2008.00356.x","article-title":"Stones from cancerous and benign gallbladders are different: A proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"38","author":"Srivastava","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14417","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b02924","article-title":"Utilizing Untargeted Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry to Profile Changes in the Gut Metabolome following Biliary Diversion Surgery","volume":"91","author":"Poland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/22\/14333\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:21:21Z","timestamp":1760145681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/22\/14333"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]},"references-count":228,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms232214333"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232214333","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]]}}}