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Among pesticides, numerous chemicals have been identified as EDCs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate gene expression, making fine adjustments in mRNA abundance and regulating proteostasis. We hypothesized that exposure to low doses of atrazine, cypermethrin, and vinclozolin may lead to effects on miRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, the exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to subtoxic concentrations of vinclozolin is able to downregulate miR-29b-3p expression leading to the increase in the related gene expression of ADAM12 and CDK6, which may promote a pro-oncogenic response through the activation of the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway and counteracting p53 activity. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of EDCs could provide important insight into their role in human disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T02:10:54Z","timestamp":1669169454000},"page":"14538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of Subtoxic Concentrations of Atrazine, Cypermethrin, and Vinclozolin on microRNA-Mediated PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR Signaling in SH-SY5Y Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4992-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnese","family":"Graziosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6627-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Sita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Corrieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1609-0421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Angelini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"d\u2019Emmanuele di Villa Bianca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Naples\u2014Federico II, via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Mitidieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Naples\u2014Federico II, via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0284-5424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaella","family":"Sorrentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Naples\u2014Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8415-3711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizia","family":"Hrelia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6494-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Morroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology\u2014FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-019-09521-z","article-title":"Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Exposure, Effects on Human Health, Mechanism of Action, Models for Testing and Strategies for Prevention","volume":"21","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. 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