{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T20:41:56Z","timestamp":1780951316553,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["425557\/2018-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["425557\/2018-9"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","award":["E-26\/200.876\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.876\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ\u2014Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["425557\/2018-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["425557\/2018-9"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ\u2014Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["E-26\/200.876\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.876\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is associated with a higher risk of Vitamin D (VD) inadequacy and metabolic diseases. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) is an innovative tool for the evaluation of obesity that goes beyond body weight and considers clinic, functional and menta- health issues. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of VD according to the stages of EOSS and its relationship with the metabolic profile. In the cross-sectional study, we evaluated anthropometric parameters, physical activity, blood pressure, biochemical and metabolic variables, and VD nutritional status. A total of 226 individuals were categorized using EOSS: 1.3%, 22.1%, 62.9%, and 13.7% were in stages 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Regarding the metabolic changes and comorbidities, insulin resistance and hyperuricemia were diagnosed in some individuals in EOSS 1, 2, and 3. EOSS 2 and 3 presented a significant relative-risk for the development of arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and liver disease, compared with EOSS 0. In all stages, there were observed means of 25(OH)D serum concentrations below 30 ng\/mL (EOSS 0 24.9 \u00b1 3.3 ng\/mL; EOSS 3 15.9 \u00b1 5.4 ng\/mL; p = 0.031), and 25(OH)D deficiency was present in all stages. Individuals with obesity classified in more advanced stages of EOSS had lower serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and a worse metabolic profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T02:05:37Z","timestamp":1669341937000},"page":"14705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impairment of Vitamin D Nutritional Status and Metabolic Profile Are Associated with Worsening of Obesity According to the Edmonton Obesity Staging System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Adryana","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Micronutrients Research Center (NPqM), Department of Social Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micronutrients Research Center (NPqM), Department of Social Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Elaine","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micronutrients Research Center (NPqM), Department of Social Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Jos\u00e9","family":"Saboya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Center of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Carlos Saboya, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micronutrients Research Center (NPqM), Department of Social Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.09.005","article-title":"The epidemiology of obesity","volume":"92","author":"Chooi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018, October 22). 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