{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T11:22:20Z","timestamp":1783336940966,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2021\/WAB13\/UCSI\/02\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2021\/WAB13\/UCSI\/02\/1"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2018\/SKK10\/UPM\/02\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2018\/SKK10\/UPM\/02\/2"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","award":["REIG-FPS-2020\/065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REIG-FPS-2020\/065"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","award":["REIG-FPS-2022\/006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REIG-FPS-2022\/006"]}]},{"name":"UCSI University Research Excellence and Innovation Grant, Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2021\/WAB13\/UCSI\/02\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2021\/WAB13\/UCSI\/02\/1"]}]},{"name":"UCSI University Research Excellence and Innovation Grant, Malaysia","award":["FRGS\/1\/2018\/SKK10\/UPM\/02\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2018\/SKK10\/UPM\/02\/2"]}]},{"name":"UCSI University Research Excellence and Innovation Grant, Malaysia","award":["REIG-FPS-2020\/065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REIG-FPS-2020\/065"]}]},{"name":"UCSI University Research Excellence and Innovation Grant, Malaysia","award":["REIG-FPS-2022\/006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REIG-FPS-2022\/006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recreational use of alcohol is a social norm in many communities worldwide. Alcohol use in moderation brings pleasure and may protect the cardiovascular system. However, excessive alcohol consumption or alcohol abuse are detrimental to one\u2019s health. Three million deaths due to excessive alcohol consumption were reported by the World Health Organization. Emerging evidence also revealed the danger of moderate consumption, which includes the increased risk to cancer. Alcohol abuse and periods of withdrawal have been linked to depression and anxiety. Here, we present the effects of alcohol consumption (acute and chronic) on important brain structures\u2014the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, the limbic system, and the cerebellum. Apart from this, we also present the link between alcohol abuse and withdrawal and mood disorders in this review, thus drawing a link to oxidative stress. In addition, we also discuss the positive impacts of some pharmacotherapies used. Due to the ever-rising demands of life, the cycle between alcohol abuse, withdrawal, and mood disorders may be a never-ending cycle of destruction. Hence, through this review, we hope that we can emphasise the importance and urgency of managing this issue with the appropriate approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T01:42:02Z","timestamp":1669686122000},"page":"14912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Alcohol Withdrawal and the Associated Mood Disorders\u2014A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Helena Hui Lin","family":"Ngui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey Siew Foong","family":"Kow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9734-0372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau Ling","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3957-2439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming Tatt","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, September 30). 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