{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:29:24Z","timestamp":1788449364957,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2314-B-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-A49-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDS2B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDS2B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2314-B-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-A49-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDS2B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDS2B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices","award":["110-2314-B-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-A49-003"]}]},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices","award":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX111-11017BI"]}]},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices","award":["IDS2B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDS2B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune hypophysitis (AH) is an autoimmune disease of the pituitary for which the pathogenesis is incompletely known. AH is often treated with corticosteroids; however, steroids may lead to considerable side effects. Using a mouse model of AH (experimental autoimmune hypophysitis, EAH), we show that interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is upregulated in the pituitaries of mice that developed EAH. We identified rosoxacin as a specific inhibitor for IRAK1 and found it could treat EAH. Rosoxacin treatment at an early stage (day 0\u201313) slightly reduced disease severity, whereas treatment at a later stage (day 14\u201327) significantly suppressed EAH. Further investigation indicated rosoxacin reduced production of autoantigen-specific antibodies. Rosoxacin downregulated production of cytokines and chemokines that may dampen T cell differentiation or recruitment to the pituitary. Finally, rosoxacin downregulated class II major histocompatibility complex expression on antigen-presenting cells that may lead to impaired activation of autoantigen-specific T cells. These data suggest that IRAK1 may play a pathogenic role in AH and that rosoxacin may be an effective drug for AH and other inflammatory diseases involving IRAK1 dysregulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T01:52:20Z","timestamp":1669773140000},"page":"14958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Inhibition of IRAK1 Is an Effective Therapy for Autoimmune Hypophysitis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hsiao-Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3013-1349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Ti","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Huei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Qin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinn-Moon","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shey-Cherng","family":"Tzou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2004-0011","article-title":"Autoimmune hypophysitis","volume":"26","author":"Caturegli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr. 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