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Here, we tested the hypothesis that MRF and CHD would be associated with reduced intrinsic placental and fetal brain function using a novel non-invasive technique. Pregnant participants with and without MRF and fetal CHD were prospectively recruited and underwent feto-placental MRI. Using intrinsic properties of blood oxygen level dependent imaging (BOLD) we quantified spatiotemporal variance of placenta and fetal brain. MRFs and CHD were correlated with functional characteristics of the placenta and fetal brain. Co-morbid MRF (hypertension, diabetes, and obesity) reduced spatiotemporal functional variance of placenta and fetal brain (p &lt; 0.05). CHD predicted reduced fetal brain temporal variance compared to non-CHD (p &lt; 0.05). The presence of both MRF and CHD was associated with reduced intrinsic pBOLD temporal variance (p = 0.047). There were no significant interactions of MRFs and CHD status on either temporal or spatial variance of intrinsic brain BOLD. MRF and CHD reduced functional characteristic of placenta and brain in fetuses. MRF modification and management during pregnancy may have the potential to not only provide additional risk stratification but may also improve neurodevelopmental outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T01:42:21Z","timestamp":1670204541000},"page":"15178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Associations between Maternal Risk Factors and Intrinsic Placental and Fetal Brain Functional Properties in Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7894-1260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vidya","family":"Rajagopalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #32, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA"},{"name":"Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Schmithorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Imaging Research Center, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PUH Suite E204, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"El-Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 5607 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 3, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 3, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodie","family":"Votava-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #71, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Adibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1966-6681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Panigrahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Imaging Research Center, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PUH Suite E204, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave Floor 2, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R97","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-16-0495","article-title":"Effects of maternal obesity on placental function and fetal development","volume":"153","author":"Howell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v2.i11.196","article-title":"Consequences of gestational and pregestational diabetes on placental function and birth weight","volume":"2","author":"Vambergue","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. 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