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Galectin-3 (GAL-3) has emerged as a central regulator of tissue fibrosis, playing an important pro-fibrotic role in numerous organs. Various studies are highlighting its importance as a skin fibrotic diseases biomarker; however, there is a need for further studies that clarify its role. This paper aims to ascertain whether the expression of GAL-3 is increased in relevant in vitro and in vivo models of skin fibrosis. We studied the role of GAL-3 in vitro using normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and fibrocytes. In addition, we used a skin fibrosis murine model (BALB\/c mice) and human biopsies of healthy or keloid tissue. GAL-3 expression was analyzed using real time PCR, Western blot and immunostaining techniques. We report a significantly increased expression of GAL-3 in NHDF and fibrocytes cell cultures following stimulation with transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF\u03b21). In vivo, GAL-3 expression was increased in a murine model of systemic sclerosis and in human keloid biopsies. In sum, this study underlines the involvement of GAL-3 in skin fibrosis using several models of the disease and highlights its role as a relevant target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T02:56:26Z","timestamp":1670208986000},"page":"15319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Increased Expression of Galectin-3 in Skin Fibrosis: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5704-8537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Peir\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Alonso-Carpio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Ribera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Almud\u00e9ver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Polytechnic University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Roger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5929-5486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Severiano","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6033-4211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Milara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Cortijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2277","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis","volume":"214","author":"Wynn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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