{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:32:14Z","timestamp":1785306734329,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2020-117405GBI00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117405GBI00"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["IT1625-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1625-22"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["ELKARTEK22\/86"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELKARTEK22\/86"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["CIVP20S11276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP20S11276"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-117405GBI00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117405GBI00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1625-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1625-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ELKARTEK22\/86"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELKARTEK22\/86"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIVP20S11276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP20S11276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-117405GBI00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117405GBI00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1625-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1625-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ELKARTEK22\/86"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELKARTEK22\/86"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIVP20S11276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP20S11276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-117405GBI00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117405GBI00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1625-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1625-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ELKARTEK22\/86"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELKARTEK22\/86"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIVP20S11276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIVP20S11276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interorganelle membrane contact sites (MCS) are areas of close vicinity between the membranes of two organelles that are maintained by protein tethers. Recently, a significant research effort has been made to study MCS, as they are implicated in a wide range of biological functions, such as organelle biogenesis and division, apoptosis, autophagy, and ion and phospholipid homeostasis. Their composition, characteristics, and dynamics can be studied by different techniques, but in recent years super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying MCS. In this review, we first explore the main characteristics and biological functions of MCS and summarize the different approaches for studying them. Then, we center on SRFM techniques that have been used to study MCS. For each of the approaches, we summarize their working principle, discuss their advantages and limitations, and explore the main discoveries they have uncovered in the field of MCS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T09:46:45Z","timestamp":1670233605000},"page":"15354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Super-Resolution Microscopy to Study Interorganelle Contact Sites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8665-099X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon Ander","family":"Nieto-Garai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"June","family":"Olazar-Intxausti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itxaso","family":"Anso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Structural Glycobiology Laboratory, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maier","family":"Lorizate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oihana","family":"Terrones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc-Xabier","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Biofisika (UPV\/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation of Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.2.4.73","article-title":"Close Topographical Relationship between Mitochondria and Ergastoplasm of Liver Cells in a Definite Phase of Cellular Activity","volume":"2","author":"Bernhard","year":"1956","journal-title":"J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.5.3.393","article-title":"An Association between Mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Cells of the Pseudobranch Gland of a Teleost","volume":"5","author":"Copeland","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7248","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)39106-9","article-title":"Phospholipid Synthesis in a Membrane Fraction Associated with Mitochondria","volume":"265","author":"Vance","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09253-3","article-title":"Coming Together to Define Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"10","author":"Scorrano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2016.10.022","article-title":"A Tether Is a Tether Is a Tether: Tethering at Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"39","author":"Shai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0180-9","article-title":"The Functional Universe of Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"21","author":"Prinz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1207385","article-title":"ER Tubules Mark Sites of Mitochondrial Division","volume":"334","author":"Friedman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.08828","article-title":"A Mitochondria-Anchored Isoform of the Actin-Nucleating Spire Protein Regulates Mitochondrial Division","volume":"4","author":"Manor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1228360","article-title":"An Actin-Dependent Step in Mitochondrial Fission Mediated by the ER-Associated Formin INF2","volume":"339","author":"Korobova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.12.032","article-title":"A Role for Myosin II in Mammalian Mitochondrial Fission","volume":"24","author":"Korobova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1916584117","article-title":"Contact-ID, a Tool for Profiling Organelle Contact Sites, Reveals Regulatory Proteins of Mitochondrial-Associated Membrane Formation","volume":"117","author":"Kwak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19830","article-title":"The MCL1 Inhibitor S63845 Is Tolerable and Effective in Diverse Cancer Models","volume":"538","author":"Kotschy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201608128","article-title":"VAPs and ACBD5 Tether Peroxisomes to the ER for Peroxisome Maintenance and Lipid Homeostasis","volume":"216","author":"Hua","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.24463","article-title":"Proteomic Mapping of Cytosol-Facing Outer Mitochondrial and ER Membranes in Living Human Cells by Proximity Biotinylation","volume":"6","author":"Hung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12143","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1919528117","article-title":"Split-TurboID Enables Contact-Dependent Proximity Labeling in Cells","volume":"117","author":"Cho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4106","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2012.202","article-title":"Upregulated Function of Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"31","author":"Tambini","year":"2012","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.109.062539","article-title":"Detergent-Resistant Microdomains Determine the Localization of Sigma-1 Receptors to the Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Junction","volume":"77","author":"Hayashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7225","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1910854117","article-title":"ER Membranes Exhibit Phase Behavior at Sites of Organelle Contact","volume":"117","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100430","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202100430","article-title":"Super-Resolution Microscopy Using a Bioorthogonal-Based Cholesterol Probe Provides Unprecedented Capabilities for Imaging Nanoscale Lipid Heterogeneity in Living Cells","volume":"5","author":"Lorizate","year":"2021","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"183813","article-title":"Shedding Light on Membrane Rafts Structure and Dynamics in Living Cells","volume":"1864","author":"Lorizate","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2020.04.076","article-title":"Machine-Learning Assisted Confocal Imaging of Intracellular Sites of Triglycerides and Cholesteryl Esters Formation and Storage","volume":"1121","author":"Bianchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5370.1763","article-title":"Close Contacts with the Endoplasmic Reticulum as Determinants of Mitochondrial Ca2+ Responses","volume":"280","author":"Rizzuto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2018.02.009","article-title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Contactology: Structure and Signaling Functions","volume":"28","author":"Weaver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan5835","article-title":"Here, There, and Everywhere: The Importance of ER Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"361","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201797006","article-title":"ER \u2013Plasma Membrane Contact Sites Contribute to Autophagosome Biogenesis by Regulation of Local PI 3P Synthesis","volume":"36","author":"Nascimbeni","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00195","article-title":"Current and Emerging Approaches for Studying Inter-Organelle Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2021.06.001","article-title":"Role of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane (MAMs) Interactions and Calcium Exchange in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"363","author":"Madec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2019.05.015","article-title":"Interorganellar Calcium Signaling in the Regulation of Cell Metabolism: A Cancer Perspective","volume":"98","author":"Rimessi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.346759.120","article-title":"Interorganelle Communication, Aging, and Neurodegeneration","volume":"35","author":"Petkovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.01.008","article-title":"There\u2019s Something Wrong with My MAM; the ER-Mitochondria Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"39","author":"Paillusson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"E2004","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Architecture of Extended Synaptotagmin-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites","volume":"112","author":"Saheki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07534","article-title":"Mitofusin 2 Tethers Endoplasmic Reticulum to Mitochondria","volume":"456","author":"Scorrano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"16","article-title":"Structural and Functional Features and Significance of the Physical Linkage between ER and Mitochondria","volume":"2006","author":"Renken","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"151","article-title":"Isolation of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes and Mitochondria from Animal Tissues and Cells","volume":"2009","author":"Wieckowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32488-6","article-title":"Restructured Membrane Contacts Rewire Organelles for Human Cytomegalovirus Infection","volume":"13","author":"Cook","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273001","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648X\/aa7185","article-title":"Super-Resolution Optical Microscopy for Studying Membrane Structure and Dynamics","volume":"29","author":"Sezgin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys. Condens. Matter"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0251-8","article-title":"Super-Resolution Microscopy Demystified","volume":"21","author":"Schermelleh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"126","article-title":"Increased Spatiotemporal Resolution Reveals Highly Dynamic Dense Tubular Matrices in the Peripheral ER","volume":"354","author":"Obara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.057","article-title":"Visualizing Intracellular Organelle and Cytoskeletal Interactions at Nanoscale Resolution on Millisecond Timescales","volume":"175","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18202-4","article-title":"ER-Mitochondria Contacts Promote MtDNA Nucleoids Active Transportation via Mitochondrial Dynamic Tubulation","volume":"11","author":"Qin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.10.073","article-title":"Stasimon\/Tmem41b Localizes to Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes and Is Essential for Mouse Embryonic Development","volume":"506","author":"Lotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.10.019","article-title":"Role for CER and Mmr1p in Anchorage of Mitochondria at Sites of Polarized Surface Growth in Budding Yeast","volume":"21","author":"Swayne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01503-6","article-title":"Cell-Permeable Organic Fluorescent Probes for Live-Cell Long-Term Super-Resolution Imaging Reveal Lysosome-Mitochondrion Interactions","volume":"8","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14359","article-title":"Repeated ER-Endosome Contacts Promote Endosome Translocation and Neurite Outgrowth","volume":"520","author":"Raiborg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201704184","article-title":"Rab18 Promotes Lipid Droplet (LD) Growth by Tethering the ER to LDs through SNARE and NRZ Interactions","volume":"217","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-020-0249-4","article-title":"Super-Resolution Fluorescence-Assisted Diffraction Computational Tomography Reveals the Three-Dimensional Landscape of the Cellular Organelle Interactome","volume":"9","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.31019","article-title":"GRAM Domain Proteins Specialize Functionally Distinct ER-PM Contact Sites in Human Cells","volume":"7","author":"Besprozvannaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0004-4","article-title":"Single-Shot Super-Resolution Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.05.055","article-title":"STIM Is a Ca2+ Sensor Essential for Ca2+-Store-Depletion-Triggered Ca2+ Influx","volume":"15","author":"Liou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200604014","article-title":"Ca2+ Store Depletion Causes STIM1 to Accumulate in ER Regions Closely Associated with the Plasma Membrane","volume":"174","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40331-0","article-title":"E-Syt1 Re-Arranges STIM1 Clusters to Stabilize Ring-Shaped ER-PM Contact Sites and Accelerate Ca2+ Store Replenishment","volume":"9","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.11.064","article-title":"IP3 Receptors Preferentially Associate with ER-Lysosome Contact Sites and Selectively Deliver Ca2+ to Lysosomes","volume":"25","author":"Atakpa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2015.04.028","article-title":"Phosphatidylinositol-Phosphatidic Acid Exchange by Nir2 at ER-PM Contact Sites Maintains Phosphoinositide Signaling Competence","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10778","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10778","article-title":"Two-Colour Live-Cell Nanoscale Imaging of Intracellular Targets","volume":"7","author":"Bottanelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2021.105361","article-title":"STED and Parallelized RESOLFT Optical Nanoscopy of the Tubular Endoplasmic Reticulum and Its Mitochondrial Contacts in Neuronal Cells","volume":"155","author":"Damenti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, T., Stephan, T., Chen, P., Chen, J., Riedel, D., Yang, Z., Jakobs, S., and Chen, Z. (2022). Multi-Color Live-Cell STED Nanoscopy of Mitochondria with a Gentle Inner Membrane Stain. bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.05.09.491019"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2018.08.016","article-title":"Super-Resolution Microscopy Localizes Perilipin 5 at Lipid Droplet-Mitochondria Interaction Sites and at Lipid Droplets Juxtaposing to Perilipin 2","volume":"1863","author":"Gemmink","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13978","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1201882109","article-title":"Super-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging of Organelles in Live Cells with Photoswitchable Membrane Probes","volume":"109","author":"Shim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12382-4","article-title":"Miro Clusters Regulate ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites and Link Cristae Organization to the Mitochondrial Transport Machinery","volume":"10","author":"Modi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e17-06-0377","article-title":"Cortical Actin Contributes to Spatial Organization of ER-PM Junctions","volume":"28","author":"Hsieh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18866","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c08426","article-title":"Probing Nanoscale Diffusional Heterogeneities in Cellular Membranes through Multidimensional Single-Molecule and Super-Resolution Microscopy","volume":"142","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2818.2000.00710.x","article-title":"Surpassing the Lateral Resolution Limit by a Factor of Two Using Structured Illumination Microscopy","volume":"198","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Microsc."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4957","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.120345","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Resolution Doubling in Wide-Field Fluorescence Microscopy by Structured Illumination","volume":"94","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13081","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406877102","article-title":"Nonlinear Structured-Illumination Microscopy: Wide-Field Fluorescence Imaging with Theoretically Unlimited Resolution","volume":"102","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gottschalk, B., Koshenov, Z., Bachkoenig, O.A., Rost, R., Malli, R., and Graier, W.F. (2022). MFN2 Mediates ER-Mitochondrial Coupling during ER Stress through Specialized Stable Contact Sites. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.918691"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200321","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202200321","article-title":"Single Image Capture of Bioactive Ion Crosstalk within Inter-Organelle Membrane Contacts at Nanometer Resolution","volume":"6","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202206140","article-title":"Mid51\/Fis1 Mitochondrial Oligomerization Complex Drives Lysosomal Untethering and Network Dynamics","volume":"221","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.89.1.141","article-title":"Cell-Substrate Contacts Illuminated by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence","volume":"89","author":"Axelrod","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2080-8_1","article-title":"The Physical Basis of Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) Microscopy and Its Cellular Applications","volume":"1251","author":"Poulter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.19.000780","article-title":"Breaking the Diffraction Resolution Limit by Stimulated Emission: Stimulated-Emission-Depletion Fluorescence Microscopy","volume":"19","author":"Hell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.24.000954","article-title":"Subdiffraction Resolution in Far-Field Fluorescence Microscopy","volume":"24","author":"Klar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4593","article-title":"STED Super-Resolved Microscopy","volume":"15","author":"Vicidomini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05799-w","article-title":"Enhanced Photon Collection Enables Four Dimensional Fluorescence Nanoscopy of Living Systems","volume":"9","author":"Masullo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth929","article-title":"Sub-Diffraction-Limit Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM)","volume":"3","author":"Rust","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4258","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.091116","article-title":"Ultra-High Resolution Imaging by Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy","volume":"91","author":"Hess","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127344","article-title":"Imaging Intracellular Fluorescent Proteins at Nanometer Resolution","volume":"313","author":"Betzig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18911","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609643104","article-title":"Wide-Field Subdiffraction Imaging by Accumulated Binding of Diffusing Probes","volume":"103","author":"Sharonov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12278","article-title":"The Chlamydial Organism Simkania Negevensis Forms ER Vacuole Contact Sites and Inhibits ER-Stress","volume":"16","author":"Mehlitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aak9913","article-title":"Nanometer Resolution Imaging and Tracking of Fluorescent Molecules with Minimal Photon Fluxes","volume":"355","author":"Balzarotti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6117","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1801672115","article-title":"MINFLUX Monitors Rapid Molecular Jumps with Superior Spatiotemporal Resolution","volume":"115","author":"Eilers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0688-0","article-title":"MINFLUX Nanoscopy Delivers 3D Multicolor Nanometer Resolution in Cells","volume":"17","author":"Gwosch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20607","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2009364117","article-title":"Multicolor 3D MINFLUX Nanoscopy of Mitochondrial MICOS Proteins","volume":"117","author":"Pape","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5775","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00451","article-title":"Emerging Diversity in Lipid-Protein Interactions","volume":"119","author":"Corradi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1174621","article-title":"Lipid Rafts As a Membrane-Organizing Principle","volume":"327","author":"Lingwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11259","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00322","article-title":"Membrane Lipid Nanodomains","volume":"118","author":"Cebecauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.07.003","article-title":"Glycosylation-Dependent IFN-\u0393R Partitioning in Lipid and Actin Nanodomains Is Critical for JAK Activation","volume":"166","author":"Blouin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"170","article-title":"Identification of a New Cholesterol-Binding Site within the IFN-\u03b3 Receptor That Is Required for Signal Transduction","volume":"2022","author":"Morana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003468","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202003468","article-title":"Cholesterol in the Viral Membrane Is a Molecular Switch Governing HIV-1 Env Clustering","volume":"8","author":"Arboleya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20200041","article-title":"Phosphatidylinositol(4,5)Bisphosphate: Diverse Functions at the Plasma Membrane","volume":"64","author":"Katan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2013.11.009","article-title":"Fluorescent Probes for Lipid Rafts: From Model Membranes to Living Cells","volume":"21","author":"Klymchenko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bianchetti, G., Azoulay-Ginsburg, S., Keshet-Levy, N.Y., Malka, A., Zilber, S., Korshin, E.E., Sasson, S., De Spirito, M., Gruzman, A., and Maulucci, G. (2021). Investigation of the Membrane Fluidity Regulation of Fatty Acid Intracellular Distribution by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Novel Polarity Sensitive Fluorescent Derivatives. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063106"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/23\/15354\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:34:32Z","timestamp":1760146472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/23\/23\/15354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms232315354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232315354","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]}}}