{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:07:21Z","timestamp":1789628841907,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CHU N\u00eemes","award":["Thematique Phare 1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Thematique Phare 1"]}]},{"name":"CHU N\u00eemes","award":["AO-IHU-2020-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AO-IHU-2020-3"]}]},{"name":"InfectioP\u00f4le Sud Mediterran\u00e9e 2020","award":["Thematique Phare 1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Thematique Phare 1"]}]},{"name":"InfectioP\u00f4le Sud Mediterran\u00e9e 2020","award":["AO-IHU-2020-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AO-IHU-2020-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently described coagulase-negative Staphylococcus identified in human diseases, especially in infections of foot ulcers in patients living with diabetes mellitus. To date, its pathogenicity remains underexplored. In this study, whole-genome analysis was performed on a collection of 29 S. pettenkoferi clinical strains isolated from bloodstream and diabetic foot infections with regard to their phylogenetic relationships and comprehensive analysis of their resistome and virulome. Their virulence was explored by their ability to form biofilm, their growth kinetics and in an in vivo zebrafish embryo infection model. Our results identified two distinct clades (I and II) and two subclades (I-a and I-b) with notable genomic differences. All strains had a slow bacterial growth. Three profiles of biofilm formation were noted, with 89.7% of isolates able to produce biofilm and harbouring a high content of biofilm-encoding genes. Two virulence profiles were also observed in the zebrafish model irrespective of the strains\u2019 origin or biofilm profile. Therefore, this study brings new insights in S. pettenkoferi pathogenicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T04:38:54Z","timestamp":1670387934000},"page":"15476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Characterisation of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Strains Isolated from Human Bloodstream and Diabetic Foot Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2330-212X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Magnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7868-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nour","family":"Ahmad-Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, University of Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5235, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6815-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassandra","family":"Pouget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madjid","family":"Morsli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvaine","family":"Huc-Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, University of Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5235, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2317-4199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alix","family":"Pantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6884-470X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Dunyach-Remy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6463-9386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Sotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-3411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginie","family":"Molle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions, University of Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5235, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9484-0304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Lavigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Montpellier, CHU N\u00eemes, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, September 01). 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