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A mouse model of invasive aspergillosis showed that sphingosine exerts a prophylactic effect and that sphingosine-treated animals exhibit a strong survival advantage after infection. Furthermore, mechanistic studies showed that treatment with sphingosine leads to the early depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (\u0394\u03c8m) and the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and to a release of cytochrome C within minutes, thereby presumably initiating apoptosis. Because of its very good tolerability and ease of application, inhaled sphingosine should be further developed as a possible prophylactic agent against pulmonary aspergillosis among severely immunocompromised patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T01:44:31Z","timestamp":1670463871000},"page":"15510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sphingosine as a New Antifungal Agent against Candida and Aspergillus spp."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Hashemi Arani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6430-1230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Kadow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Keitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2015-275X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Kirchhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8703-3275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Kleuser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter-Michael","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erich","family":"Gulbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Carpinteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.107","article-title":"Sphingolipids and Their Metabolism in Physiology and Disease","volume":"19","author":"Hannun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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