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The increase in urban development without sanitation planning is one of the main reasons for the disease spreading. The symptoms are similar to those of flu-like diseases, such as dengue, yellow fever, and malaria, which can result in a misleading clinical diagnosis. The characterization of host\u2013pathogen interactions is important in the development of new vaccines, treatments, and diagnostics. However, the pathogenesis of leptospirosis is not well understood, and many gaps remain to be addressed. Here, we aimed to determine if Leptospira strains, virulent, culture-attenuated, and saprophytic, and the major outer membrane proteins OmpL37, OmpL1, LipL21, LipL41, and LipL46 are able to adhere to different endothelial, epithelial and fibroblast cell lines in vitro. We showed that virulent leptospires robustly bind to all cells compared to the culture-attenuated and saprophytic lines. The recombinant proteins exhibited certain adhesion, but only OmpL1 and LipL41 were able to bind to several cell lines, either in monolayer or in cell suspension. Blocking OmpL1 with polyclonal antibodies caused a decrease in bacterial binding to cells, contrasting with an increase observed when anti-LipL41 antibodies were used. The adhesion of OmpL1 to HMEC-1 and EA.hy926 was inhibited when cells were pre-incubated with collagen IV, suggesting that both compete for the same cell receptor. We present here for the first time the interaction of five leptospiral outer membrane proteins with several cell lines, and we conclude that LipL41 and OmpL1 may have an impact on leptospiral adhesion to mammalian cells and may mediate the colonization process in leptospiral pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T01:51:26Z","timestamp":1670550686000},"page":"15550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Host Cell Binding Mediated by Leptospira interrogans Adhesins"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5841-7085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Beatriz","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline Florencio","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4851-0870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Lucia Tabet Oller","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.06.102","article-title":"Bacterial Adhesins, the Pathogenic Weapons to Trick Host Defense Arsenal","volume":"93","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. 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