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Therefore, the research of novel compounds able to prevent VI represents a compelling need. In this study, we tested erucin, the natural isothiocyanate H2S-donor derived from Eruca sativa Mill. (Brassicaceae), in an in vivo mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis, where it significantly reduced the amount of emigrated CD11b positive neutrophils. We then evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of erucin in LPS-challenged human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The pre-incubation of erucin, before LPS treatment (1, 6, 24 h), significantly preserved cell viability and prevented the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) levels. Moreover, erucin downregulated endothelial hyperpermeability and reduced the loss of vascular endothelial (VE)-Cadherin levels. In addition, erucin decreased vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E-synthase 1 (mPGES-1) expression. Of note, erucin induced eNOS phosphorylation and counteracted LPS-mediated NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation, an effect that was partially abolished in the presence of the eNOS inhibitor L-NAME. Therefore, erucin can control endothelial function through biochemical and genomic positive effects against VI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T03:23:49Z","timestamp":1670556229000},"page":"15593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Natural H2S-Donor Erucin in Vascular Endothelium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5374-9694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"Ciccone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, 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University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Interdepartmental Research Center \u201cNutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute\u201d, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Interdepartmental Research Center \u201cBiology and Pathology of Ageing\u201d, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9477-1724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Pagnotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via di Corticella 133, 40134 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8588-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Matteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, CREA Council for 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