{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1777929005198,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]],"date-time":"2022-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["PCN-1-030\/N\/2\/F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCN-1-030\/N\/2\/F"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Silesia","award":["PCN-1-035\/N\/2\/F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCN-1-035\/N\/2\/F"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sulfonamides used in veterinary medicine can be degraded via the Fenton processes. In the premise, the process should also remove the antimicrobial activity of wastewater containing antibiotics. The kinetics of sulfathiazole degradation and identification of the degradation products were investigated in the experiments. In addition, their toxicity against Vibrio fischeri, the MARA\u00ae assay, and unselected microorganisms from a wastewater treatment plant and the river was evaluated. It was found that in the Fenton process, the sulfathiazole degradation was described by the following kinetic equation: r0 = k CSTZ\u22121 or 0 CFe(II)3 CH2O20 or 1 CTOC\u22122, where r0 is the initial reaction rate, k is the reaction rate constant, C is the concentration of sulfathiazole, Fe(II) ions, hydrogen peroxide and total organic carbon, respectively. The reaction efficiency and the useful pH range (up to pH 5) could be increased by UVa irradiation of the reaction mixture. Eighteen organic degradation products of sulfathiazole were detected and identified, and a possible degradation mechanism was proposed. An increase in the H2O2 dose, to obtain a high degree of mineralization of sulfonamide, resulted in an increase in the ecotoxicity of the post-reaction mixture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T01:42:27Z","timestamp":1670809347000},"page":"15676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Degradation of the Selected Antibiotic in an Aqueous Solution by the Fenton Process: Kinetics, Products and Ecotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ewa","family":"Adamek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiello\u0144ska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Masternak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiello\u0144ska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Sapi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiello\u0144ska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6635-136X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiello\u0144ska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17221\/4969-VETMED","article-title":"Sulfonamides in the Environment: A Review and a Case Report","volume":"57","author":"Hruska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. 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