{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:54:54Z","timestamp":1790834094409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Cancer Research Institute","award":["CRI3483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI3483"]}]},{"name":"The Cancer Research Institute","award":["6647-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6647-23"]}]},{"name":"The Cancer Research Institute","award":["CA210940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA210940"]}]},{"name":"The Cancer Research Institute","award":["P30CA196521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA196521"]}]},{"name":"The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society","award":["CRI3483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI3483"]}]},{"name":"The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society","award":["6647-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6647-23"]}]},{"name":"The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society","award":["CA210940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA210940"]}]},{"name":"The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society","award":["P30CA196521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA196521"]}]},{"name":"The U.S. Department of Defense","award":["CRI3483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI3483"]}]},{"name":"The U.S. Department of Defense","award":["6647-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6647-23"]}]},{"name":"The U.S. Department of Defense","award":["CA210940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA210940"]}]},{"name":"The U.S. Department of Defense","award":["P30CA196521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA196521"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute","award":["CRI3483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI3483"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute","award":["6647-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6647-23"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute","award":["CA210940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA210940"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Institute","award":["P30CA196521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA196521"]}]},{"name":"Elsa U. Pardee Foundation","award":["CRI3483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI3483"]}]},{"name":"Elsa U. Pardee Foundation","award":["6647-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6647-23"]}]},{"name":"Elsa U. Pardee Foundation","award":["CA210940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA210940"]}]},{"name":"Elsa U. Pardee Foundation","award":["P30CA196521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA196521"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of stem and myeloid progenitor cells. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the care for other cancers such as solid tumors and lymphomas, and has the potential to effectively treat AML. There has been substantial progress in the developments of immunotherapeutic approaches for AML over the last several years, including the development of antibodies that further increase the innate immunogenicity of leukemia cells by the inhibition of NKG2D ligand\u2014particularly MICA and MICB\u2014shedding, chimeric proteins such as IL-15 superagonist that expand natural killer (NK) cells, blockers of immunologic checkpoints such as NKG2A, and chemicals that indirectly increase expression of immune stimulatory proteins in leukemia stem cells. Furthermore, cellular therapies have been designed to enable alloreactive immunity by allogeneic NK cells or target leukemia antigens such as mutated NPM1. These immunotherapeutic approaches have demonstrated remarkable efficacies in preclinical studies and have successfully transitioned to early phase clinical trials, to establish safety and initial signal of clinical activity. Here, we briefly discuss some of the most recent and impactful developments in the AML immunotherapy field and provide our perspectives for the future directions of this exciting and new therapeutic opportunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T01:52:30Z","timestamp":1671069150000},"page":"15907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Latest Breakthroughs in Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia, with a Special Focus on NKG2D Ligands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2423-3338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Maurer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4968-862X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxuan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betsy Deza","family":"Prada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Mascarenhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Ferrari","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e577","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2017.53","article-title":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A comprehensive review and 2017 update","volume":"7","author":"Terwilliger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Vakiti, A., and Mewawalla, P. 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