{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T11:53:58Z","timestamp":1784116438650,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ARKAT Foundation, USA","award":["98760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["98760"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Several common ocular diseases are leading causes of irreversible visual impairment. Over the last decade, various mainly untargeted metabolic studies have been performed to show that metabolic dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. A number of metabolites in plasma\/serum, aqueous or vitreous humor, or in tears have been found to differ between patients and controls; among them are L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, which are essential for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The metabolic profile of carnitines regarding a variety of diseases has attracted researchers\u2019 interest. In this review, we present and discuss recent advances that have been made in the identification of carnitines as potential metabolic biomarkers in common ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, central retinal vein occlusion, primary open-angle glaucoma, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and dry eye syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T05:25:46Z","timestamp":1671427546000},"page":"16183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Acylcarnitines in Ophthalmology: Promising Emerging Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Theodoridis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1893-937X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Gika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Biomic AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antigoni","family":"Kotali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, December 06). 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