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This paper assesses the effect of CDCs on VT substrate in a pig model of postinfarction monomorphic VT. We studied the effect of CDCs on the electrophysiological properties and histological structure of dense scar and heterogeneous tissue (HT). Optical mapping and histological evaluation were performed 16 weeks after the induction of a myocardial infarction by transient occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery in 21 pigs. Four weeks after LAD occlusion, pigs were randomized to receive intracoronary plus trans-myocardial CDCs (IC+TM group, n: 10) or to a control group. Optical mapping (OM) showed an action potential duration (APD) gradient between HT and normal tissue in both groups. CDCs increased conduction velocity (53 \u00b1 5 vs. 45 \u00b1 6 cm\/s, p &lt; 0.01), prolonged APD (280 \u00b1 30 ms vs. 220 \u00b1 40 ms, p &lt; 0.01) and decreased APD dispersion in the HT. During OM, a VT was induced in one and seven of the IC+TM and control hearts (p = 0.03), respectively; five of these VTs had their critical isthmus located in intra-scar HT found adjacent to the coronary arteries. Histological evaluation of HT revealed less fibrosis (p &lt; 0.01), lower density of myofibroblasts (p = 0.001), and higher density of connexin-43 in the IC+TM group. Scar and left ventricular volumes did not show differences between groups. Allogeneic CDCs early after myocardial infarction can modify the structure and electrophysiology of post-infarction scar. These findings pave the way for novel therapeutic properties of CDCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1671439301000},"page":"16211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of Cardiac Stem Cell on Postinfarction Arrhythmogenic Substrate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Arenal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, 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