{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:01:36Z","timestamp":1791615696168,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proteinuria is a broad term used to describe the pathological presence of proteins, including albumin, globulin, Bence-Jones protein, and mucoprotein in the urine. When persistent, proteinuria is a marker of kidney damage and represents a reliable predictor of the risk of progression of renal failure. Medical nutrition therapy is imperative for patients with proteinuria because it may slow the progression of renal disease. The aim of this review is to explore different nutritional approaches in the management of proteinuria and their influence on pathophysiological processes. As such, protein restriction is the main dietary intervention. Indeed, other management approaches are frequently used to reduce it regarding micro and macronutrients, but also the dietary style. Among these, the nutritional approach represents one of the most used and controversial interventions and the studies rarely take the form of randomized and controlled trials. With this work we aspire to analyze current clinical knowledge of how nutrition could influence proteinuria, potentially representing a useful tool in the management of proteinuric nephropathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:31:33Z","timestamp":1671589893000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Diet and Proteinuria: State of Art"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"De Pascalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5243-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Barbarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"Gigante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9489-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Pio","family":"Sorice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari\u2014Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199811123392007","article-title":"Pathophysiology of progressive nephropathies","volume":"339","author":"Remuzzi","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. 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