{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T18:06:52Z","timestamp":1774894012475,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National University of Medical Sciences","award":["43\/Accts\/NUMS\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["43\/Accts\/NUMS\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the regulation of genes for normal metabolism in the liver. Dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to explore changes in circulating miRNA expression in response to delta-tocotrienol (\u03b4T3) and alpha-tocopherol (\u03b1TF) supplementation and correlate them with relevant biochemical markers in patients with NAFLD. In total, 100 patients with NAFLD were randomized to either receive \u03b4T3 (n = 50) 300 mg or \u03b1TF (n = 50) 268 mg twice\/day for 48 weeks. Plasma expression of miRNA-122, -21, -103a-2, -421, -375 and -34a were determined at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks of intervention using RT-qPCR. Both \u03b4T3 and \u03b1TF significantly downregulated expression of miRNA-122, -21, -103a-2, -421, -375 and -34a. Moreover, \u03b4T3 was more effective than \u03b1TF in reducing expression of miRNA-375 and -34a. A significant correlation was observed between miRNA expression and biochemical markers of hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress (OS), inflammation and apoptosis. \u03b4T3 and \u03b1TF exert hepato-protective effects by downregulating miRNAs involved in hepatic steatosis, IR, OS, inflammation and apoptosis in patients with NAFLD. Furthermore, \u03b4T3 has more pronounced effects than \u03b1TF in reducing miR-375 and miR-34a, which are linked to regulation of inflammation and apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T05:42:53Z","timestamp":1671601373000},"page":"79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hepato-Protective Effects of Delta-Tocotrienol and Alpha-Tocopherol in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Regulation of Circulating MicroRNA Expression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8562-4733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Amjad","family":"Pervez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dilshad Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9432-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayed Tanveer Abbas","family":"Gilani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Safia","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0190-0081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aamir","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumbal","family":"Nida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"NAFLD and vitamin D: Evidence for intersection of microRNA-regulated pathways","volume":"2021","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. 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