{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:05:20Z","timestamp":1777460720388,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A precise and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of azaperone and azaperol in meat tissues has been developed. This paper describes the first method to be so fast, simple, and useful, especially for many laboratories that do not have sophisticated equipment. This method is based on LC separation and UV-Vis detection. During the sample preparation, the meat tissue was homogenized in acetonitrile at a ratio of 1:4 (tissue weight:acetonitrile volume). The homogenate was centrifuged, the supernatant was evaporated in a lyophilizator, and then the evaporation residue was dissolved in 20 \u00b5L of ethanol. For deproteinization, 15 \u00b5L of perchloric acid was added, and the sample prepared in this way was injected into a chromatographic column and analyzed using reversed-phased HPLC. The mobile phase consisted of 0.05 mol\/L phosphate buffer pH 3.00 (component A) and acetonitrile (component B). UV detection was conducted at 245 nm. The experimentally determined LOQs were 0.25 \u00b5g\/kg for azaperone and 0.12 \u00b5g\/kg for azaperol. For both analytes, the calibration curves showed linearity in the tested concentration range from 50 to 300 \u00b5g\/kg of tissue. The accuracy of the presented method did not exceed 15%, and the recovery was in the range of 85\u2013115%. A validated analytical procedure was implemented for the analysis of various animal tissues for their content of azaperone and azaperol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T06:11:24Z","timestamp":1671603084000},"page":"100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development of the Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Determination of Azaperone and Azaperol in Animal Kidneys and Livers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Izabella","family":"Ko\u015bka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12\/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6080-5762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kubalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1377","article-title":"Simultaneous Determination of Tranquilizers and Carazolol Residues in Swine Tissues by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry","volume":"45","author":"He","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioanalytical"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"7977","article-title":"Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis","volume":"1216","author":"Brian","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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