{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:17:06Z","timestamp":1790965026338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Qatar Foundation","award":["15304\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15304\/15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Transient ischemic attack (TIA) refers to a momentary neurologic deficit caused by focal cerebral, spinal or retinal ischemic insult. TIA is associated with a high risk of impending acute ischemic stroke (AIS), a neurologic dysfunction characterized by focal cerebral, spinal or retinal infarction. Understanding the differences in molecular pathways in AIS and TIA has merit for deciphering the underlying cause for neuronal deficits with long-term effects and high risks of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we performed comprehensive investigations into the circulating microRNA (miRNA) profiles of AIS (n = 191) and TIA (n = 61) patients. We performed RNA-Seq on serum samples collected within 24 hrs of clinical diagnosis and randomly divided the study populations into discovery and validation cohorts. We identified a panel of 11 differentially regulated miRNAs at FDR &lt; 0.05. Hsa-miR-548c-5p, -20a-5p, -18a-5p, -484, -652-3p, -486-3p, -24-3p, -181a-5p and -222-3p were upregulated, while hsa-miR-500a-3p and -206 were downregulated in AIS patients compared to TIA patients. We also probed the previously validated gene targets of our identified miRNA panel to highlight the molecular pathways affected in AIS. Moreover, we developed a multivariate classifier with potential utilization as a discriminative biomarker for AIS and TIA patients. The underlying molecular pathways in AIS compared to TIA may be explored further in functional studies for therapeutic targeting in clinical translation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T06:11:24Z","timestamp":1671603084000},"page":"108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Circulating MicroRNA Profiling Identifies Distinct MicroRNA Signatures in Acute Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4683-3329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman M.","family":"Toor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman K.","family":"Aldous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijaz","family":"Parray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1505-6360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser","family":"Al-Sarraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Qatar Genome Program, Qatar Foundation Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 5825, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7764-6772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Essam M.","family":"Abdelalim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5060-916X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelilah","family":"Arredouani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6850-8084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"El-Agnaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7659-443X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul J.","family":"Thornalley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajitha V.","family":"Pananchikkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3147-8141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghulam Jeelani","family":"Pir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheem","family":"Ayadathil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashfaq","family":"Shuaib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1546-1091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nehad M.","family":"Alajez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5916-5983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar M. E.","family":"Albagha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar"},{"name":"Rheumatology and Bone Disease Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"Collaborators","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e318296aeca","article-title":"An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"44","author":"Sacco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.3627","article-title":"A 5-Decade Analysis of Incidence Trends of Ischemic Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"78","author":"Shahjouei","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000451061","article-title":"Long-Term Risk of Stroke after Transient Ischemic Attack","volume":"43","author":"Appelros","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. 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