{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:15:38Z","timestamp":1776212138333,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"earmarked fund for the Major Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution","award":["20KJA230001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20KJA230001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chickens can live healthy without adverse effects despite high blood glucose levels. However, the blood biomolecules responsible for maintaining chronic hyperglycemia are unknown. Here, the effects of chicken serum metabolite treatment on blood glucose control and inflammatory response in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) rats were investigated. First, chicken serum treatment reduced the advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and blood glucose levels in STZ-induced T2DM rats. Second, insulin\/glucose-induced acute hypoglycemic\/hyperglycemic chickens and the blood biomolecules were screened via nontargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS), identifying 366 key metabolites, including DL-arginine and taurine, as potential markers for chronic hyperglycemia in chickens. Finally, DL-arginine functions for blood glucose control and inflammatory response were evaluated. We found that DL-arginine reduced the levels of blood glucose and AGEs in STZ-induced T2DM rats. In addition, DL-arginine treatment upregulated the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression in the muscles and downregulated the advanced glycation end products receptor-1 (AGER1) expression in the liver and nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression in the pancreas and thymus tissues. Overall, these results demonstrate that serum metabolite of DL-arginine could maintain blood glucose homeostasis and suppress the inflammatory response in chickens. Therefore, DL-arginine may be a novel target for developing therapeutic agents to regulate hyperglycemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]],"date-time":"2022-12-29T02:56:50Z","timestamp":1672282610000},"page":"523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of Chicken Serum Metabolite Treatment on the Blood Glucose Control and Inflammatory Response in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujiao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengfeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guohong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2008.05.007","article-title":"Glucose regulation in birds","volume":"151","author":"Braun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(00)00247-3","article-title":"Comparative biology of aging in birds: An update","volume":"36","author":"Holmes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Birds as pathology-free models of type II diabetes","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Austin Endocrinol. Diabetes Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3409","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(98)10039-9","article-title":"Hyperglycemia in hummingbirds and its consequences for hemoglobin glycation","volume":"120","author":"Beuchat","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2010.00122.x","article-title":"Temperature, metabolic power and the evolution of endothermy","volume":"85","author":"Clarke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2007.01341.x","article-title":"Scaling of body temperature in mammals and birds","volume":"22","author":"Clarke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Ingram, T. (2017). Evaluation of Protein Glycation and Antioxidant Levels in Birds of Prey, Arizona State University."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sessa, L., Gatti, E., Zeni, F., Antonelli, A., Catucci, A., Koch, M., Pompilio, G., Fritz, G., Raucci, A., and Bianchi, M.E. (2014). The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is only present in mammals and belongs to a family of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086903"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2016.10.003","article-title":"Chicken albumin exhibits natural resistance to glycation","volume":"203","author":"Zuck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-0883-5","article-title":"The potential usefulness of taurine on diabetes mellitus and its complications","volume":"42","author":"Ito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mco.0000196141.65362.46","article-title":"Taurine supplementation and diabetes mellitus","volume":"9","author":"Franconi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.192112","article-title":"Arginine attenuates methylglyoxal- and high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress by an endothelial nitricoxide synthase-independent mechanism","volume":"342","author":"Dhar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.2174\/138920309787315194","article-title":"Aminoacid support in the prevention of diabetes and diabetic complications","volume":"10","author":"Anuradha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Protein Pept. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2012","article-title":"Physiology and path-ophysiology of carnosine","volume":"93","author":"Boldyrev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-4526(09)57003-9","article-title":"Carnosine and its possible roles in nutrition and health","volume":"57","author":"Hipkiss","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.09.017","article-title":"Ergothioneine: Antioxidant potential, physiological function and role in disease","volume":"1822","author":"Cheah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01384.x","article-title":"Emerging role of thiamine therapy for prevention and treatment of early-stage diabetic nephropathy","volume":"13","author":"Rabbani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alkhalaf, A., Kleefstra, N., Groenier, K.H., Bilo, H.J., Gans, R.O., Heeringa, P., Scheijen, J.L., Schalkwijk, C.G., Navis, G.J., and Bakker, S.J. (2012). Effect of benfotiamine on advanced glycation endproducts and markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040427"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1333.093","article-title":"Pyridoxamine: The many virtues of a Maillard reaction inhibitor","volume":"1043","author":"Voziyan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2003.08.013","article-title":"Use of aminoguanidine (Pimagedine) to prevent the formation of advanced glycation end products","volume":"419","author":"Thornalley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2014.1561","article-title":"Potential of birds to serve as pathology-free models of type 2 diabetes, part 2: Do high levels of carbonyl-scavenging amino acids (e.g., taurine) and low concentrations of methylglyoxal limit the production of advanced glycation end-products?","volume":"17","author":"Szwergold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1548-2","article-title":"Decreased diabetes risk over 9 year after 18-month oral L-arginine treatment in middle-aged subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome (extension evaluation of L-arginine study)","volume":"57","author":"Monti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203717666160627074017","article-title":"L-Arginine Modulates Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Obesity and Diabetes","volume":"18","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Protein Pept. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.5.875","article-title":"Long-term oral L-arginine administration improves peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"24","author":"Piatti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.03.028","article-title":"Characterization of white tea metabolome: Comparison against green and black tea by a nontargeted metabolomics approach","volume":"96","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5753","article-title":"Circadian rhythm reprogramming during lung inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Haspel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07762","article-title":"Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression","volume":"457","author":"Sreekumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.05.031","article-title":"Metabonomic analysis of the therapeutic effect of Zhibai Dihuang Pill in treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy","volume":"142","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58599-y","article-title":"Toxicology of paraquat and pharmacology of the protective effect of 5-hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin on lung injury caused by paraquat based on metabolomics","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"412","article-title":"Low dose streptozotocin (STZ) combined with high energy intake can effectively induce type 2 diabetes through altering the related gene expression","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kan, H.W., Ho, Y.C., Chang, Y.S., and Hsieh, Y.L. (2022). SEPT9 Upregulation in Satellite Glial Cells Associated with Diabetic Polyneuropathy in a Type 2 Diabetes-like Rat Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169372"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4378","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0319","article-title":"Common genetic variants highlight the role of insulin resistance and body fat distribution in type 2 diabetes, independent of obesity","volume":"63","author":"Scott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2017.03.006","article-title":"Is HOMA-IR a potential screening test for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults with type 2 diabetes?","volume":"41","author":"Gargallo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2005.12.001","article-title":"Regulatory role for the arginine-nitric oxide pathway in metabolism of energy substrates","volume":"17","author":"Jobgen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-008-0210-y","article-title":"Arginine metabolism and nutrition in growth, health and disease","volume":"37","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8582","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c03257","article-title":"Hesperetin, a Promising Treatment Option for Diabetes and Related Complications: A Literature Review","volume":"70","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3634948","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3634948","article-title":"Insulin Resistance and Endothelial Dysfunction Constitute a Common Therapeutic Target in Cardiometabolic Disorders","volume":"2016","author":"Janus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2005.08.004","article-title":"Inhibition by L-arginine and spermidine of hemoglobin glycation and lipid peroxidation in rats with induced diabetes","volume":"60","author":"Balderas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E985","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00004.2009","article-title":"GLUT2 Mutations, Translocation, and Receptor Function in Diet Sugar Managing","volume":"296","author":"Leturque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2021.1901047","article-title":"Hyperoside attenuates neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment and oxidative stress via suppressing TNF-\u03b1\/NF-\u03baB\/caspase-3 signaling in type 2 diabetes rats","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118118","article-title":"Naringin ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced steatohepatitis by inhibiting RAGE\/NF-\u03baB mediated mitochondrial apoptosis","volume":"257","author":"Syed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22882","article-title":"Deep sea minerals ameliorate diabetic-induced inflammation via inhibition of TNF\u03b1 signaling pathways","volume":"35","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0360334","article-title":"Role of NF-kappaB in beta-cell death","volume":"36","author":"Melloul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5072","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508166103","article-title":"Conditional and specific NF-kappaB blockade protects pancreatic beta cells from diabetogenic agents","volume":"103","author":"Eldor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.09.001","article-title":"Successful modulation of type 2 diabetes in db\/db mice with intra-bone marrow--bone marrow transplantation plus concurrent thymic transplantation","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.74","article-title":"AGE restriction in diabetes mellitus: A paradigm shift","volume":"7","author":"Vlassara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2000.17721","article-title":"A New Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes: The Fat-Fed, Streptozotocin-Treated Rat","volume":"49","author":"Reed","year":"2000","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051312t","article-title":"Solvent-dependent metabolite distribution, clustering, and protein extraction for serum profiling with mass spectrometry","volume":"78","author":"Want","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.01.015","article-title":"UPLC-ESI-QTOF\/MS and multivariate data analysis for blood plasma and serum metabolomics: Effect of experimental artefacts and anticoagulant","volume":"768","author":"Barri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27","article-title":"KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes","volume":"28","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3715","article-title":"Toward understanding the origin and evolution of cellular organisms","volume":"28","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham, H. (2009). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Kolde, R. (2012). Pheatmap: Pretty Heatmaps, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. R Package Version 1.2."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"R Core Team (2022). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Wei, T., and Simko, V. (2021). R Package \u2018Corrplot\u2019: Visualization of a Correlation Matrix, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: https:\/\/github.com\/taiyun\/corrplot."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7613","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b07643","article-title":"Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes Alleviate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Reversing Peripheral Insulin Resistance and Relieving \u03b2-Cell Destruction","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time Quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394CT method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/1\/523\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:54:17Z","timestamp":1760147657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/1\/523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms24010523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24010523","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]}}}