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Due to representing both antinutritional and health-promoting compounds, there is increasing interest in characterizing GTRs from various plant species. We generated seven artificial glucosinolates (either aliphatic or benzenic) bearing different fluorophores (Fluorescein, BODIPY, Rhodamine, Dansylamide, and NBD) and investigated the ability of GTR1\/2\/3 from Arabidopsis thaliana to import the fluorescent glucosinolates (F-GSLs) into oocytes from Xenopus laevis. Five out of the seven F-GSLs synthesized were imported by at least one of the GTRs. GTR1 and GTR2 were able to import three F-GSLs actively above external concentration, while GTR3 imported only one actively. Competition assays indicate that the F-GSLs are transported by the same mechanism as non-tagged natural glucosinolates. The GTR-mediated F-GSL uptake is detected via a rapid and sensitive assay only requiring simple fluorescence measurements on a standard plate reader. This is highly useful in investigations of glucosinolate transport function and provides a critical prerequisite for elucidating the relationship between structure and function through high-throughput screening of GTR mutant libraries. The F-GSL themselves may also be suitable for future studies on glucosinolate transport in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24020920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1672808550000},"page":"920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Artificial Fluorescent Glucosinolates (F-GSLs) Are Transported by the Glucosinolate Transporters GTR1\/2\/3"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4792-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christa","family":"Kanstrup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2737-4374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire C.","family":"Jimidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universit\u00e4t Carolo Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josip","family":"Tomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Cutolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2754-3518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Crocoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1273-0257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Schuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4713-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Klahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universit\u00e4t Carolo Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, Kemig\u00e5rden 4, 412 96 G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Tatibou\u00ebt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussam Hassan","family":"Nour-Eldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2019.112100","article-title":"Glucosinolate structural diversity, identification, chemical synthesis and metabolism in plants","volume":"169","author":"Montaut","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, V.P.T., Stewart, J., Lopez, M., Ioannou, I., and Allais, F. 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