{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:45:47Z","timestamp":1791420347591,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045645"]}]},{"name":"Hallym University Research Fund","award":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045645"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We hypothesized that auditory stimulation could reduce the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), and that audiovisual stimulation could have additional effects through multisensory integration. We exposed 12 month old Apoetm1.1(APOE*4)Adiuj mice (a mouse model of sporadic AD) to auditory (A) or audiovisual stimulation (AV) at 40 Hz for 14 days in a soundproof chamber system (no stimulation, N). Behavioral tests were performed before and after each session, and their brain tissues were assessed for amyloid-beta expression and apoptotic cell death, after 14 days. Furthermore, brain levels of acetylcholine and apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed. In the Y-maze test, the percentage relative alternation was significantly higher in group A than in group N mice. Amyloid-beta and TUNEL positivity in the hippocampal CA3 region was significantly lower in group A and group AV mice than in group N mice (p &lt; 0.05). Acetylcholine levels were significantly higher in group A and group AV mice than in group N mice (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to group N mice, expression of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 was lower in group A, and expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was higher in group AV. In a mouse model of early-stage sporadic AD, auditory or audiovisual stimulation improved cognitive performance and neuropathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24020938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1672808550000},"page":"938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Auditory or Audiovisual Stimulation Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Neuropathology in ApoE4 Knock-In Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Harry","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research Team, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonkyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research Team, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research Team, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2656-9222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong-Hee","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research Team, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Breijyeh, Z., and Karaman, R. 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