{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T10:03:36Z","timestamp":1793095416095,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia (Italy)","award":["080-63008\/63015-2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["080-63008\/63015-2013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study addresses a joint nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy approach to provide a platform for dynamic assessment of kidney viability and metabolism. On porcine kidney models, ROS production, oxidative damage kinetics, and metabolic changes occurring both during the period between organ retrieval and implantation and after kidney graft were examined. The 1H-NMR metabolic profile\u2014valine, alanine, acetate, trimetylamine-N-oxide, glutathione, lactate, and the EPR oxidative stress\u2014resulting from ischemia\/reperfusion injury after preservation (8 h) by static cold storage (SCS) and ex vivo machine perfusion (HMP) methods were monitored. The functional recovery after transplantation (14 days) was evaluated by serum creatinine (SCr), oxidative stress (ROS), and damage (thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances and protein carbonyl enzymatic) assessments. At 8 h of preservation storage, a significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) higher ROS production was measured in the SCS vs. HMP group. Significantly higher concentration data (p &lt; 0.05\u20130.0001) in HMP vs. SCS for all the monitored metabolites were found as well. The HMP group showed a better function recovery. The comparison of the areas under the SCr curves (AUC) returned a significantly smaller (\u221212.5 %) AUC in the HMP vs. SCS. EPR-ROS concentration (\u03bcmol\u00b7g\u22121) from bioptic kidney tissue samples were significantly lower in HMP vs. SCS. The same result was found for the NMR monitored metabolites: lactate: \u221259.76%, alanine: \u221243.17%; valine: \u221258.56%; and TMAO: \u221277.96%. No changes were observed in either group under light microscopy. In conclusion, a better and more rapid normalization of oxidative stress and functional recovery after transplantation were observed by HMP utilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1672894291000},"page":"1029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Profile in a Preclinical Kidney Transplantation Model According to Different Preservation Modalities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7359-2690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Mrakic-Sposta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 20159 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0277-163X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Vezzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), 20159 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Cova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ticcozzelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5152-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Montorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fulvia","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies \u201cG. Natta\u201d, National Research Council (SCITEC-CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Sepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0312-3703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Benzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Meloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pneumology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2948-7994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloisa","family":"Arbustini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4147-4494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Abelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maristella","family":"Gussoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies \u201cG. 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