{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:16:46Z","timestamp":1785331006492,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CHU N\u00eemes","award":["Thematique Phare 1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Thematique Phare 1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and especially Staphylococcus epidermidis are responsible for health care infections, notably in the presence of foreign material (e.g., venous or central-line catheters). Catheter-related bacteremia (CRB) increases health care costs and mortality. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of 15 days of antibiotic exposure (ceftobiprole, daptomycin, linezolid and vancomycin) at sub-inhibitory concentration on the resistance, fitness and genome evolution of 36 clinical strains of S. epidermidis responsible for CRB. Resistance was evaluated by antibiogram, the ability to adapt metabolism by the Biofilm Ring test\u00ae and the in vivo nematode virulence model. The impact of antibiotic exposure was determined by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and biofilm formation experiments. We observed that S. epidermidis strains presented a wide variety of virulence potential and biofilm formation. After antibiotic exposure, S. epidermidis strains adapted their fitness with an increase in biofilm formation. Antibiotic exposure also affected genes involved in resistance and was responsible for cross-resistance between vancomycin, daptomycin and ceftobiprole. Our data confirmed that antibiotic exposure modified bacterial pathogenicity and the emergence of resistant bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T02:05:52Z","timestamp":1673575552000},"page":"1547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effect of Antibiotic Exposure on Staphylococcus epidermidis Responsible for Catheter-Related Bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6815-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassandra","family":"Pouget","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, CHU N\u00eemes Univiversity Montpellier, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clotilde","family":"Chatre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CH Perpignan, 66000 Perpignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9484-0304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Lavigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, CHU N\u00eemes Univiversity Montpellier, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2317-4199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alix","family":"Pantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, CHU N\u00eemes Univiversity Montpellier, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Reynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, IRD UMI 233, INSERM U1175, CHU Montpellier, University Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34295 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6884-470X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Dunyach-Remy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bacterial Virulence and Chronic Infections, INSERM U1047, CHU N\u00eemes Univiversity Montpellier, CEDEX 09, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01003-5","article-title":"Mucosa or skin as source of coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteraemia?","volume":"4","author":"Costa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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