{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:53:40Z","timestamp":1792029220791,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":189,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Infectious Diseases","award":["20200601011JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200601011JC"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Infectious Diseases","award":["20220204041YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220204041YY"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology: Key Scientific and Technological Research and Development Projects","award":["20200601011JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200601011JC"]}]},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology: Key Scientific and Technological Research and Development Projects","award":["20220204041YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220204041YY"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is increasing evidence that chondrocytes within articular cartilage are affected by endogenous force-related electrical potentials. Furthermore, electrical stimulation (ES) promotes the proliferation of chondrocytes and the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, which accelerate the healing of cartilage defects. These findings suggest the potential application of ES in cartilage repair. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of articular cartilage injuries and the current clinical strategies for the treatment of articular cartilage injuries. We then focus on the application of ES in the repair of articular cartilage in vivo. The ES-induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its potential regulatory mechanism are discussed in detail. In addition, we discuss the potential of applying piezoelectric materials in the process of constructing engineering articular cartilage, highlighting the important advances in the unique field of tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24031836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T06:25:46Z","timestamp":1673936746000},"page":"1836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Articular Cartilage Regeneration with a Focus on Piezoelectric Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Tissue Repair and Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Zhengjie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingtong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0871-3454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"869","article-title":"Prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation--United States, 2010\u20132012","volume":"62","author":"Barbour","year":"2013","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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