{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:37:46Z","timestamp":1791549466335,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mahidol University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease associated with aging. Development of AMD is related to degeneration and dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) caused by low-grade chronic inflammation in aged RPE cells leading to visual loss and blindness. Sweet corn is a good source of lutein and zeaxanthin, which were reported to exert various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanisms of SCE to inhibit the production of inflammatory biomarkers related to AMD development. Cells were pretreated with SCE for 1 h followed by stimulation with IL-1\u03b2 for another 24 h. The results demonstrated that SCE attenuated IL-1\u03b2-induced production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 and the expression of ICAM-1 and iNOS in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, SCE suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1\/2, SAPK\/JNK, p38, and NF-\u03baB (p65) in IL-1\u03b2-stimulated ARPE-19 cells. These results proved that SCE protected ARPE-19 cells from IL-1\u03b2-induced inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory markers partly via suppressing the activation of MAPK and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways. Overall, SCE is a potential agent for the prevention of AMD development, which should be further evaluated in animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T03:02:48Z","timestamp":1674788568000},"page":"2462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Mechanism of Sweet Corn Extract on Il-1\u03b2-Induced Inflammation in a Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line (ARPE-19)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Inthra","family":"Koraneeyakijkulchai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Master of Science Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rianthong","family":"Phumsuay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Animal Model Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parunya","family":"Thiyajai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Chemistry Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siriporn","family":"Tuntipopipat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Animal Model Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5422-1023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chawanphat","family":"Muangnoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Animal Model Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.04.005","article-title":"Understanding age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Relationships between the photoreceptor\/retinal pigment epithelium\/Bruch\u2019s membrane\/choriocapillaris complex","volume":"33","author":"Bhutto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. 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