{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:31:52Z","timestamp":1787610712500,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C32\/18\/035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C32\/18\/035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University Hospitals, Leuven","award":["C32\/18\/035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C32\/18\/035"]}]},{"name":"Astellas and Roche","award":["C32\/18\/035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C32\/18\/035"]}]},{"name":"Medtronic","award":["C32\/18\/035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C32\/18\/035"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Animal research in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is mainly performed in rodent models. Previously, intraperitoneal (I.P.) injections with ketamine\u2013xylazine mixtures were used. Nowadays, volatile anesthetics (isoflurane) are more common. However, the impact of the anesthetic method on intestinal IRI has not been investigated. We aim to analyze the different anesthetic methods and their influence on the extent of intestinal IRI in a rat model. Male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were used to investigate the effect of I.P. anesthesia on 60 min of intestinal ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion in comparison to hyperoxygenation (100% O2) and volatile isoflurane anesthesia. In comparison to I.P. anesthesia with room air (21% O2), supplying 100% O2 improved 7-day survival by cardiovascular stabilization, reducing lactic acidosis and preventing vascular leakage. However, this had no effect on the intestinal epithelial damage, permeability, and inflammatory response observed after intestinal IRI. In contrast to I.P. + 100% O2, isoflurane anesthesia reduced intestinal IRI by preventing ongoing low-flow reperfusion hypotension, limiting intestinal epithelial damage and permeability, and by having anti-inflammatory effects. When translating the aforementioned results of this study to clinical situations, such as intestinal ischemia or transplantation, the potential protective effects of hyperoxygenation and volatile anesthetics require further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T04:58:25Z","timestamp":1675054705000},"page":"2587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Protective Effect of Oxygen and Isoflurane in Rodent Model of Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2875-9516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Clarysse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Abdominal Transplant Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Accarie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7158-171X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricard","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4921-466X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Canovai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Abdominal Transplant Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diethard","family":"Monbaliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Abdominal Transplant Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2470-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Gunst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gert","family":"De Hertogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Vanuytsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Pirenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery & Transplant Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Abdominal Transplant Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurens J.","family":"Ceulemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation Center (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(200002)190:3<255::AID-PATH526>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Pathophysiology of ischaemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"190","author":"Carden","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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