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Therefore, immunotherapy in combination with other anti-proliferative approaches is among the most effective weapons to control its growth and metastatic dissemination. Recently, a large amount of published reports indicate the interest of researchers and clinicians about plant secondary metabolites as potentially useful therapeutic tools due to their lower presence of side effects coupled with their high potency and efficacy. Published evidence was reported in most cases through in vitro studies but also, with a growing body of evidence, through in vivo investigations. Our aim was, therefore, to review the published studies focused on the most interesting phytochemicals whose immunomodulatory activities and\/or mechanisms of actions were demonstrated and applied to melanoma models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T01:35:45Z","timestamp":1675128945000},"page":"2657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Phytochemicals as Immunomodulatory Agents in Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5001-285X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Tabolacci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"De Vita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4243-2392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Facchiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Bozzuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2704-0745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Beninati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5991-8914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Maria","family":"Failla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9924-9022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Di Martile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1209-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Lintas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Operative Research Unit of Medical Genetics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0029-2205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Mischiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0143-2978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annarita","family":"Stringaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Del Bufalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4313-0617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Facchiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T\u00edm\u00e1r, J., and Lad\u00e1nyi, A. 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