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L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QML20181501 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["YSP202002 to N.H."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSP202002 to N.H."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["21-09-05 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-09-05 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["QML20181501 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QML20181501 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["YSP202002 to N.H."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSP202002 to N.H."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Foundation of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Foundation of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Foundation of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["21-09-05 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-09-05 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Foundation of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["QML20181501 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QML20181501 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Innovation Foundation of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["YSP202002 to N.H."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSP202002 to N.H."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals\u2019 Youth Programme","award":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals\u2019 Youth Programme","award":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals\u2019 Youth Programme","award":["21-09-05 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-09-05 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals\u2019 Youth Programme","award":["QML20181501 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QML20181501 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals\u2019 Youth Programme","award":["YSP202002 to N.H."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSP202002 to N.H."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program","award":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81991504 and 81974149 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program","award":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CXTD202202 to Y.L."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program","award":["21-09-05 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-09-05 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program","award":["QML20181501 to L.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QML20181501 to L.G."]}]},{"name":"Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program","award":["YSP202002 to N.H."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSP202002 to N.H."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The periodontal immune microenvironment is a delicate regulatory system that involves a variety of host immune cells including neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The dysfunction or overactivation of any kind of local cells, and eventually the imbalance of the entire molecular regulatory network, leads to periodontal inflammation and tissue destruction. In this review, the basic characteristics of various host cells in the periodontal immune microenvironment and the regulatory network mechanism of host cells involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and periodontal bone remodeling are summarized, with emphasis on the immune regulatory network that regulates the periodontal microenvironment and maintains a dynamic balance. Future strategies for the clinical treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration need to develop new targeted synergistic drugs and\/or novel technologies to clarify the regulatory mechanism of the local microenvironment. This review aims to provide clues and a theoretical basis for future research in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1675654470000},"page":"3158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Regulation of the Host Immune Microenvironment in Periodontitis and Periodontal Bone Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3592-9840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nannan","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12630","article-title":"Current Concepts in the Management of Periodontitis","volume":"71","author":"Kwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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