{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:21:11Z","timestamp":1792156871834,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":212,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural and Science Foundation of China","award":["81901871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901871"]}]},{"name":"National Natural and Science Foundation of China","award":["52172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52172085"]}]},{"name":"National Natural and Science Foundation of China","award":["2020KM007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KM007"]}]},{"name":"National Natural and Science Foundation of China","award":["YQ2022E020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2022E020"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education","award":["81901871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901871"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education","award":["52172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52172085"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education","award":["2020KM007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KM007"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education","award":["YQ2022E020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2022E020"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","award":["81901871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901871"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","award":["52172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52172085"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","award":["2020KM007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KM007"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China","award":["YQ2022E020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2022E020"]}]},{"name":"Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program","award":["81901871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901871"]}]},{"name":"Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program","award":["52172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52172085"]}]},{"name":"Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program","award":["2020KM007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KM007"]}]},{"name":"Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program","award":["YQ2022E020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2022E020"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["81901871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901871"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["52172085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52172085"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2020KM007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020KM007"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["YQ2022E020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YQ2022E020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gene therapy has attracted much attention because of its unique mechanism of action, non-toxicity, and good tolerance, which can kill cancer cells without damaging healthy tissues. siRNA-based gene therapy can downregulate, enhance, or correct gene expression by introducing some nucleic acid into patient tissues. Routine treatment of hemophilia requires frequent intravenous injections of missing clotting protein. The high cost of combined therapy causes most patients to lack the best treatment resources. siRNA therapy has the potential of lasting treatment and even curing diseases. Compared with traditional surgery and chemotherapy, siRNA has fewer side effects and less damage to normal cells. The available therapies for degenerative diseases can only alleviate the symptoms of patients, while siRNA therapy drugs can upregulate gene expression, modify epigenetic changes, and stop the disease. In addition, siRNA also plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and hepatitis B. However, free siRNA is easily degraded by nuclease and has a short half-life in the blood. Research has found that siRNA can be delivered to specific cells through appropriate vector selection and design to improve the therapeutic effect. The application of viral vectors is limited because of their high immunogenicity and low capacity, while non-viral vectors are widely used because of their low immunogenicity, low production cost, and high safety. This paper reviews the common non-viral vectors in recent years and introduces their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the latest application examples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T04:21:59Z","timestamp":1675830119000},"page":"3375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Research Status and Prospect of Non-Viral Vectors Based on siRNA: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Liangnan","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyue","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nannan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9415-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liangcan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoqin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-018-00841-1","article-title":"Nanocarriers for drug delivery applications","volume":"17","author":"Chamundeeswari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. 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