{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:37:02Z","timestamp":1791927422426,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver disease is one of the leading public health problems faced by healthcare practitioners regularly. As such, there has been a search for an inexpensive, readily available, non-invasive marker to aid in monitoring and prognosticating hepatic disorders. Recently, red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been found to be associated with various inflammatory conditions with implications for its use as a potential marker for assessing disease progression and prognosis in multiple conditions. Multiple factors effect red blood cell production whereby a dysfunction in any process can lead to anisocytosis. Furthermore, a chronic inflammatory state leads to increased oxidative stress and produces inflammatory cytokines causing dysregulation and increased intracellular uptake and use of both iron and vitamin B12, which leads to a reduction in erythropoiesis causing an increase in RDW. This literature review reviews in-depth pathophysiology that may lead to an increase in RDW and its potential correlation with chronic liver diseases, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis E, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In our review, we examine the use of RDW as a prognostic and predictive marker for hepatic injury and chronic liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T02:56:13Z","timestamp":1675997773000},"page":"3487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["The Role of Red Cell Distribution Width as a Prognostic Marker in Chronic Liver Disease: A Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1234-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hunain","family":"Aslam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Ave, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fouzia","family":"Oza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Ave, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Ave, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5934-2695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kopel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6191-0524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark M.","family":"Aloysius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Ave, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, 501 S. Washington Ave, Scranton, PA 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8544-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dushyant Singh","family":"Dahiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI 48603, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5620-8597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4074-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhilash","family":"Perisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 64128, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9433-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemant","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interventional Gastroenterology at UT (iGUT), Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6431 Fannin, MSB 4.234, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (2022). 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