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Science and Technology Program","award":["2682020ZT91"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2682020ZT91"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2682021ZTPY026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2682021ZTPY026"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["A0920502052201-491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A0920502052201-491"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2022JDRC0088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JDRC0088"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["21MZGC0218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21MZGC0218"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wear particles of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are inevitable during service as joint prosthesis, and particles \u2264 10 \u03bcm with critical size could cause serious osteolysis and aseptic loosening of joint prosthesis. The aim of this study is to adopt the alginate-encapsulated cell reactor to investigate the molecular impact of critical-sized wear particles of UHMWPE loaded with alendronate sodium (UHMWPE-ALN) on cells. Results showed that compared with UHMWPE wear particles, UHMWPE-ALN wear particles inhibited the proliferation of macrophages significantly after being co-cultured for 1, 4, 7, and 14 d. Furthermore, the released ALN promoted early apoptosis, suppressed the secretion of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 of macrophages, and down-regulated relative gene expressions of TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2 and RANK. In addition, compared with UHMWPE wear particles, UHMWPE-ALN wear particles promoted the ALP activity of osteoblasts, down-regulated the gene expression of RANKL, and up-regulated gene expression of osteoprotegerin. There were mainly two approaches of the effects of critical-sized UHMWPE-ALN wear particles on cells, one of which was cytology and the other was cytokine signal pathway. The former mainly affected the proliferation and activity of macrophages and osteoblasts. The latter would inhibit osteoclasts via cytokine and RANKL\/RANK signal pathway. Thus, UHMWPE-ALN had the potential application in clinics to treat osteolysis induced by wear particles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T02:56:13Z","timestamp":1675997773000},"page":"3510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Insight into the Molecule Impact of Critical-Sized UHMWPE-ALN Wear Particles on Cells by the Alginate-Encapsulated Cell Reactor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yumei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"},{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1337-5293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kurtz, S.M. 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