{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T10:41:29Z","timestamp":1784025689765,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India","award":["R.12020\/02\/2018-HR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R.12020\/02\/2018-HR"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Daily exposure to bisphenols can affect reproductive functions due to their pseudo-estrogenic and\/or anti-androgenic effects. Testicular lipids contain high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for sperm maturity, motility, and spermatogenesis. Whether prenatal exposure to bisphenols alters testicular fatty acid metabolism in adult offspring is unknown. Pregnant Wistar rats were gavaged from gestational day 4 to 21 with BPA and BPS (0.0, 0.4, 4.0, 40.0 \u03bcg\/kg bw\/day). Despite increased body and testis weight, the total testicular cholesterol, triglyceride, and plasma fatty acids were unaffected in the offspring. Lipogenesis was upregulated by increased SCD-1, SCD-2, and expression of lipid storage (ADRP) and trafficking protein (FABP4). The arachidonic acid, 20:4 n-6 (ARA) and docosapentaenoic acid, 22:5 n-6 (DPA) levels were decreased in the BPA-exposed testis, while BPS exposure had no effects. The expression of PPAR\u03b1, PPAR\u03b3 proteins, and CATSPER2 mRNA were decreased, which are important for energy dissipation and the motility of the sperm in the testis. The endogenous conversion of linoleic acid,18:2 n-6 (LA), to ARA was impaired by a reduced ARA\/LA ratio and decreased FADS1 expression in BPA-exposed testis. Collectively, fetal BPA exposure affected endogenous long-chain fatty acid metabolism and steroidogenesis in the adult testis, which might dysregulate sperm maturation and quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T02:41:56Z","timestamp":1676342516000},"page":"3769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Fetal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting-Bisphenol A (BPA) Alters Testicular Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Adult Offspring: Relevance to Sperm Maturation and Quality"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Saikanth","family":"Varma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Molangiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suryam Reddy","family":"Kona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipid Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahamed","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipid Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1619-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asim K.","family":"Duttaroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8161-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Basak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2015","article-title":"Male Reproductive Disorders and Fertility Trends: Influences of Environment and Genetic Susceptibility","volume":"96","author":"Skakkebaek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. 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