{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T08:20:12Z","timestamp":1789201212297,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funds for Statutory Activity of Medical University of Lublin, Poland","award":["DS 323\/04\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS 323\/04\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is growing need to increase the knowledge on the cannabinoid ligands in the treatment of overactive bladder. Among potential candidates, arachidonyl-2\u2032-chloroethylamide (ACEA), a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist is proposed. The aim of this paper was to determine if ACEA, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, could reverse the effects of corticosterone (CORT), characteristic of depressive and bladder overactivity potential. The animals (48 female rats) were divided into four groups: I\u2014control, II\u2014received CORT, III\u2014received ACEA, and IV\u2014received the combination of CORT and ACEA. The conscious cystometry, forced swim test (FST), and locomotor activity measurements were performed 3 days after the last dose of ACEA, followed by ELISA measurements. In group IV, ACEA restored urodynamic parameters that were altered by CORT. CORT prolonged the immobility time in FST and the values were lowered by ACEA. ACEA normalized the expression of c-Fos in all the analyzed central micturition centers (group IV vs. group II). ACEA restored the CORT-induced changes in the biomarkers in urine (BDNF, NGF), bladder detrusor (VAChT, Rho kinase), bladder urothelium (CGRP, ATP, CRF, OCT-3, TRPV1), and hippocampus (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2 and Il-6, CRF, IL-10, BDNF, NGF). In conclusion, ACEA was proven to reverse CORT-induced changes in both cystometric and biochemical parameters that are determinants of OAB\/depression, which represents an example of an existing link between OAB and depression via cannabinoid receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T02:31:23Z","timestamp":1676428283000},"page":"3820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Cannabinoid Ligand Arachidonyl-2\u2032-Chloroethylamide (ACEA) Ameliorates Depressive and Overactive Bladder Symptoms in a Corticosterone-Induced Female Wistar Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7340-280X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Zapa\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Niemczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0569-4203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Zapa\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7011-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Wdowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4-6 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3171-225X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Bojar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s Health, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Ul. Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kluz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 16c Rejtana Street, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7756-2904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Szopa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chod\u017aki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5732-8950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Serefko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chod\u017aki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Radziszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5772-0573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20798","article-title":"An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction","volume":"29","author":"Haylen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. 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