{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:06:11Z","timestamp":1785891971445,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial hand gels have become extremely popular in recent years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Frequent use of hand sanitising gel can lead to dryness and irritation of the skin. This work focuses on the preparation of antimicrobial acrylic acid (Carbomer)-based gels enhanced by non-traditional compounds\u2014mandelic acid and essential oils\u2014as a substitute for irritating ethanol. Physicochemical properties (pH and viscosity), stability and sensory attributes of the prepared gels were investigated. Antimicrobial activity against representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts was determined. The prepared gels with mandelic acid and essential oil (cinnamon, clove, lemon, and thyme) proved to have antimicrobial activity and even better organoleptic properties than commercial ethanol-based antimicrobial gel. Further, results confirmed that the addition of mandelic acid had a desirable effect on gel properties (antimicrobial, consistency, stability). It has been shown that the essential oil\/mandelic acid combination can be a dermatologically beneficial hand sanitiser compared to commercial products. Thus, the produced gels can be used as a natural alternative to alcohol-based daily hand hygiene sanitisers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T03:09:21Z","timestamp":1676430561000},"page":"3855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Non-Alcohol Hand Sanitiser Gels with Mandelic Acid and Essential Oils"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Pavl\u00edna","family":"Egner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4680-0930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Pavla\u010dkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Sedla\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7909-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Pleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-413X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Mokrej\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9669-1499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magda","family":"Janal\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, Vavre\u010dkova 275, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fiaa085","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiaa085","article-title":"Protecting the outside: Biological tools to manipulate the skin microbiota","volume":"96","author":"Rea","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. 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