{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:48:44Z","timestamp":1790765324682,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Action (RIA), Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["825712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["825712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Action (RIA), Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARED"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004584","name":"R\u00e9gion Bretagne (ARED)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["825712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["825712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004584","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004584","name":"R\u00e9gion Bretagne (ARED)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARED"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004584","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which starts with liver steatosis, is a growing worldwide epidemic responsible for chronic liver diseases. Among its risk factors, exposure to environmental contaminants, such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC), has been recently emphasized. Given this important public health concern, regulation agencies need novel simple and fast biological tests to evaluate chemical risks. In this context, we developed a new in vivo bioassay called StAZ (Steatogenic Assay on Zebrafish) using an alternative model to animal experimentation, the zebrafish larva, to screen EDCs for their steatogenic properties. Taking advantage of the transparency of zebrafish larvae, we established a method based on fluorescent staining with Nile red to estimate liver lipid content. Following testing of known steatogenic molecules, 10 EDCs suspected to induce metabolic disorders were screened and DDE, the main metabolite of the insecticide DDT, was identified as a potent inducer of steatosis. To confirm this and optimize the assay, we used it in a transgenic zebrafish line expressing a blue fluorescent liver protein reporter. To obtain insight into DDE\u2019s effect, the expression of several genes related to steatosis was analyzed; an up-regulation of scd1 expression, probably relying on PXR activation, was found, partly responsible for both membrane remodeling and steatosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T02:04:03Z","timestamp":1676513043000},"page":"3942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A New In Vivo Zebrafish Bioassay Evaluating Liver Steatosis Identifies DDE as a Steatogenic Endocrine Disruptor, Partly through SCD1 Regulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Le Mentec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuelle","family":"Monniez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Legrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Monvoisin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 1236-MOBIDIC, INSERM, Universit\u00e9 Rennes, Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang Bretagne, 35043 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4888-236X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominique","family":"Lagadic-Gossmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Normand","family":"Podechard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S 1085, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.033","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease\u2014A global public health perspective","volume":"70","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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