{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T21:22:00Z","timestamp":1791753720836,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Executive Yuan, the Republic of China (Taiwan)","award":["MOST 108-2320-B-218-002-1\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2320-B-218-002-1\/2"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Executive Yuan, the Republic of China (Taiwan)","award":["MOST 110-2320-B-218-001-2\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2320-B-218-001-2\/2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetes nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common causes of end stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. Medication options to stop or slow the progression of chronic renal disease (CKD) are limited, and patients with DN remain at a high risk of developing renal failure. Inonotus obliquus extracts (IOEs) of Chaga mushroom have been shown to have anti-glycemic, anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects against diabetes. In this study, we examined the potential renal protective role of an ethyl acetate layer after water-ethyl acetate separation from Inonotus obliquus ethanol crude extract (EtCE-EA) from Chaga mushrooms in diabetic nephropathy mice after preparation with 1\/3 NT + STZ. Our data showed that treatment with EtCE-EA can effectively regulate blood glucose, albumin-creatinine ratio, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and it can improve the renal damage in 1\/3 NT + STZ-induced CRF mice with an increase in concentration (100, 300, and 500 mg\/kg). In the immunohistochemical staining test, EtCE-EA can effectively reduce the expression of TGF-\u03b2 and \u03b1-SMA after induction according to the increase in the concentration (100 mg\/kg, 300 mg\/kg), thereby slowing down the degree of kidney damage. Our findings demonstrate that EtCE-EA could provide renal protection in diabetes nephropathy, possibly due to the decreased expression of transforming growth factor-\u03b21 and \u03b1-smooth muscle actin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T02:32:12Z","timestamp":1677205932000},"page":"4443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Renoprotective Impacts of Inonotus obliquus Ethanol-Ethyl Acetate Extract on Combined Streptozotocin and Unilateral Nephrectomy-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Kuang-Hsing","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan"},{"name":"Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 10662, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8879-0462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noi","family":"Yar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Hui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chien","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3403-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for General Education, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1289-8412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiunn-Jye","family":"Chuu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, College of Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan"},{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Wei-Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli 35159, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.04.011","article-title":"Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study highlights the global, regional, and national trends of chronic kidney disease epidemiology from 1990 to 2016","volume":"94","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Kidney Health for Everyone Everywhere: From Prevention to Detection and Equitable Access to Care","volume":"93","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can. 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